End product of citric acid is
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Answer:
Each acetyl coenzyme A proceeded once through the citric acid cycle. Therefore, in total, it created 6 NADH + H+ molecules, two FADH2 molecules, four carbon dioxide molecules, and two ATP molecules. That's a lot of products!
The end products of the citric acid cycle are: 2 CO2, 3 NADH, FADH2, ATP.
In step 1, a condensation reaction takes place that joins the 4-carbon compound oxaloacetate (OAA) and a 2-carbon compound acetyl CoA form citrate, catalyzed by the enzyme citrate synthase.
In step 2, citrate is converted into iso citrate through the formation of intermediate cis-aconitate, reversible and catalyzed by the enzyme aconitase.
In step 3, isocitrate is oxidatively decarboxylated to form α-ketoglutarate. NAD+ is reduced to NADH, with the release of CO2.
In step 4, α-ketoglutarate is oxidatively decarboxylated to form a 4-carbon compound, succinyl-CoA, with the release of CO2 and reduction of NAD+ to NADH taking place.
In step 5, succinyl-CoA undergoes an energy-conservation reaction, in which succinyl-CoA is cleaved to form succinate. This reaction is accompanied by the phosphorylation of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) to guanosine triphosphate (GTP).
In step 6, a reversible reaction occurs, catalyzed by the enzyme complex succinate dehydrogenase, where succinate is converted to fumarate and FAD, is reduced to FADH2.
In step 7, fumarate is hydrated to form L-malate. This reaction is reversible.
Step 8, involves the oxidation of L-malate to oxaloacetate and reduction of NAD+ to NADH.
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