Question

energy looses in compton effect

Answer 1

Interaction of Photons with matter

Photons are electromagnetic radiation with zero mass, zero charge, and a velocity that is always c, the speed of light. Because they are electrically neutral, they do not steadily lose energy via coulombic interactions with atomic electrons, as do charged particles. Photons travel some considerable distance before undergoing a more “catastrophic” interaction leading to partial or total transfer of the photon energy to electron energy. These electrons will ultimately deposit their energy in the medium. Photons are far more penetrating than charged particles of similar energy.

Energy Loss Mechanisms

photoelectric effect, Compton scattering, pair production

Mechanisms of Energy Loss: Photoelectric Effect

In the photoelectric absorption process, a photon undergoes an interaction with an absorber atom in which the photon completely disappears. In its place, an energetic photoelectron is ejected from one of the bound shells of the atom. For gamma rays of sufficient energy, the most probable origin of the photoelectron is the most tightly bound or K shell of the atom. The photoelectron appears with an energy given by

Ee- = hv – Eb (Eb represents the binding energy of the photoelectron in its original shell)

Thus for gamma-ray energies of more than a few hundred keV, the photoelectron carries off the majority of the original photon energy. Filling of the inner shell vacancy can produce fluorescence radiation, or x ray photon(s). The photoelectric process is the predominant mode of photon interaction at relatively low photon energies, high atomic number Z.

Compton Scattering

Compton scattering takes place between the incident gamma-ray photon and an electron in the absorbing material. It is most often the predominant interaction mechanism for gamma-ray energies typical of radioisotope sources. It is the most dominant interaction mechanism in tissue.

In Compton scattering, the incoming gamma-ray photon is deflected through an angle θ with respect to its original direction. The photon transfers a portion of its energy to the electron (assumed to be initially at rest), which is then known as a recoil electron, or a Compton electron. All angles of scattering are possible. The energy transferred to the electron can vary from zero to a large fraction of the gamma-ray energy.

Applications:

The Compton process is most important for energy absorption for soft tissues in the range from 100 keV to 10MeV.

Pair Production

If a photon enters matter with an energy in excess of 1.022 MeV, it may interact by a process called pair production. The photon, passing near the nucleus of an atom, is subjected to strong field effects from the nucleus and may disappear as a photon and reappear as a positive and negative electron pair. The two electrons produced, e- and e+, are not scattered orbital electrons, but are created, de novo, in the energy/mass conversion of the disappearing photon.

MARK BRAINLIEST..