Question

energy producing components is
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Answer 1

The energy components of food include:

• carbohydrates (sugars and starches)
• proteins.
• lipids (fats)

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Answer 2

Answer and Explanation:

Humans and other animals need a minimum intake of food energy to sustain their metabolism and to drive their muscles. Foods are composed chiefly of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, water, vitamins, and minerals. Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and water represent virtually all the weight of food, with vitamins and minerals making up only a small percentage of the weight. (Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins comprise ninety percent of the dry weight of foods.) Organisms derive food energy from carbohydrates, fats and proteins as well as from organic acids, polyols, and ethanol present in the diet. Some diet components that provide little or no food energy, such as water, minerals, vitamins, cholesterol and insoluble fibre, may still be necessary to health and survival for other reasons. Water, minerals, vitamins, and cholesterol are not broken down (they are used by the body in the form in which they are absorbed) and so cannot be used for energy. Fibre cannot be completely digested by most animals, including humans, who can only extract 8.4 kJ/g (2 kcal/g) of food energy from it. Ruminants can extract nearly 17 kJ/g (4 kcal/g) from fibre with the aid of bacteria in their rumens.