History, asked by vijiharsha3773, 10 months ago

Enlist any 5 contribution of Allama iqbal

Answers

Answered by Anonymous
16

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sɪʀ ᴀʟʟᴀᴍᴀ ᴍᴜʜᴀᴍᴍᴀᴅ ɪϙʙᴀʟ (/ˈɪᴋʙɑːʟ/; ᴜʀᴅᴜ: محمد اِقبال‎; 9 ɴᴏᴠᴇᴍʙᴇʀ 1877 – 21 ᴀᴘʀɪʟ 1938), ᴋɴᴏᴡɴ ᴀs ᴀʟʟᴀᴍᴀ ɪϙʙᴀʟ, ᴡᴀs ᴀ ᴘᴏᴇᴛ, ᴘʜɪʟᴏsᴏᴘʜᴇʀ, ᴛʜᴇᴏʀɪsᴛ, ᴀɴᴅ ʙᴀʀʀɪsᴛᴇʀ ɪɴ ʙʀɪᴛɪsʜ ɪɴᴅɪᴀ. ʜᴇ ʜᴀs ʙᴇᴇɴ ᴄᴀʟʟᴇᴅ ᴛʜᴇ "sᴘɪʀɪᴛᴜᴀʟ ғᴀᴛʜᴇʀ ᴏғ ᴘᴀᴋɪsᴛᴀɴ" ғᴏʀ ʜɪs ᴄᴏɴᴛʀɪʙᴜᴛɪᴏɴs ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴ. ɪϙʙᴀʟ's ᴘᴏᴇᴍs, ᴘᴏʟɪᴛɪᴄᴀʟ ᴄᴏɴᴛʀɪʙᴜᴛɪᴏɴs, ᴀɴᴅ ᴀᴄᴀᴅᴇᴍɪᴄ ᴀɴᴅ sᴄʜᴏʟᴀʀʟʏ ʀᴇsᴇᴀʀᴄʜ ᴡᴇʀᴇ ᴅɪsᴛɪɴɢᴜɪsʜᴇᴅ.[1][2] ʜᴇ ɪɴsᴘɪʀᴇᴅ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘᴀᴋɪsᴛᴀɴ ᴍᴏᴠᴇᴍᴇɴᴛ ɪɴ ʙʀɪᴛɪsʜ ɪɴᴅɪᴀ[3][4] ᴀɴᴅ ɪs ᴄᴏɴsɪᴅᴇʀᴇᴅ ᴀ ʀᴇɴᴏᴡɴᴇᴅ ғɪɢᴜʀᴇ ᴏғ ᴜʀᴅᴜ ʟɪᴛᴇʀᴀᴛᴜʀᴇ,[5] ᴀʟᴛʜᴏᴜɢʜ ʜᴇ ᴡʀᴏᴛᴇ ɪɴ ʙᴏᴛʜ ᴜʀᴅᴜ ᴀɴᴅ ᴘᴇʀsɪᴀɴ.[2][5]

ᴀʟʟᴀᴍᴀʜ

ᴍᴜʜᴀᴍᴍᴀᴅ ɪϙʙᴀʟ

محمد اِقبال

ɴᴇᴇᴍ-ᴡᴀʜᴀʙʙɪ

ɪϙʙᴀʟ ɪɴ 1938

ʙᴏʀɴ

ᴍᴜʜᴀᴍᴍᴀᴅ ɪϙʙᴀʟ

9 ɴᴏᴠᴇᴍʙᴇʀ 1877

sɪᴀʟᴋᴏᴛ, ᴘᴜɴᴊᴀʙ, ʙʀɪᴛɪsʜ ɪɴᴅɪᴀ (ᴘʀᴇsᴇɴᴛ-ᴅᴀʏ sɪᴀʟᴋᴏᴛ, ᴘᴜɴᴊᴀʙ, ᴘᴀᴋɪsᴛᴀɴ)

ᴅɪᴇᴅ

21 ᴀᴘʀɪʟ 1938 (ᴀɢᴇᴅ 60)

ʟᴀʜᴏʀᴇ, ᴘᴜɴᴊᴀʙ, ʙʀɪᴛɪsʜ ɪɴᴅɪᴀ (ᴘʀᴇsᴇɴᴛ-ᴅᴀʏ ᴘᴜɴᴊᴀʙ, ᴘᴀᴋɪsᴛᴀɴ)

ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟɪᴛʏ

ʙʀɪᴛɪsʜ ɪɴᴅɪᴀɴ

ᴇᴅᴜᴄᴀᴛɪᴏɴ

sᴄᴏᴛᴄʜ ᴍɪssɪᴏɴ ᴄᴏʟʟᴇɢᴇ (ғ.ᴀ.)

ɢᴏᴠᴇʀɴᴍᴇɴᴛ ᴄᴏʟʟᴇɢᴇ (ʙ.ᴀ., ᴍ.ᴀ.)

ᴜɴɪᴠᴇʀsɪᴛʏ ᴏғ ᴄᴀᴍʙʀɪᴅɢᴇ (ʙ.ᴀ.)

ᴜɴɪᴠᴇʀsɪᴛʏ ᴏғ ᴍᴜɴɪᴄʜ (ᴘʜ.ᴅ.)

ɴᴏᴛᴀʙʟᴇ ᴡᴏʀᴋ

ʙᴀɴɢ-ᴇ-ᴅᴀʀᴀ, ᴛʜᴇ sᴇᴄʀᴇᴛs ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ sᴇʟғ, ᴛʜᴇ sᴇᴄʀᴇᴛs ᴏғ sᴇʟғʟᴇssɴᴇss, ᴍᴇssᴀɢᴇ ғʀᴏᴍ ᴛʜᴇ ᴇᴀsᴛ, ᴘᴇʀsɪᴀɴ ᴘsᴀʟᴍs, ᴊᴀᴠɪᴅ ɴᴀᴍᴀ, "sᴀʀᴇ ᴊᴀʜᴀɴ sᴇ ᴀᴄᴄʜᴀ" (ᴍᴏʀᴇ ᴡᴏʀᴋs)

ᴇʀᴀ

20ᴛʜ-ᴄᴇɴᴛᴜʀʏ ᴘʜɪʟᴏsᴏᴘʜʏ

ʀᴇɢɪᴏɴ

ɪsʟᴀᴍɪᴄ ᴘʜɪʟᴏsᴏᴘʜʏ

sᴄʜᴏᴏʟ

ɪsʟᴀᴍɪᴄ ʟᴀᴡ

ᴍᴀɪɴ ɪɴᴛᴇʀᴇsᴛs

ɪsʟᴀᴍ, ᴜʀᴅᴜ ᴘᴏᴇᴛʀʏ, ᴘᴇʀsɪᴀɴ ᴘᴏᴇᴛʀʏ, ʟᴀᴡ

ɴᴏᴛᴀʙʟᴇ ɪᴅᴇᴀs

ᴀʟʟᴀʜᴀʙᴀᴅ ᴀᴅᴅʀᴇss

ɪɴғʟᴜᴇɴᴄᴇs

ᴍɪʀ sᴀʏʏɪᴅ ᴀʟɪ ʜᴀᴍᴀᴅᴀɴɪ, sʏᴇᴅ ᴍɪʀ ʜᴀssᴀɴ, ʀᴜᴍɪ, ᴊᴀᴍɪ, ᴊᴏʜᴀɴɴ ᴡᴏʟғɢᴀɴɢ ᴠᴏɴ ɢᴏᴇᴛʜᴇ, ғʀɪᴇᴅʀɪᴄʜ ɴɪᴇᴛᴢsᴄʜᴇ, ʜᴇɴʀɪ ʙᴇʀɢsᴏɴ, ᴛʜᴏᴍᴀs ᴡᴀʟᴋᴇʀ ᴀʀɴᴏʟᴅ

ɪɴғʟᴜᴇɴᴄᴇᴅ

ᴍᴜʜᴀᴍᴍᴀᴅ ᴀʟɪ ᴊɪɴɴᴀʜ, ᴘᴀᴋɪsᴛᴀɴ ᴍᴏᴠᴇᴍᴇɴᴛ, ɪsʟᴀᴍɪᴄ ʀᴇᴘᴜʙʟɪᴄ ᴏғ ᴘᴀᴋɪsᴛᴀɴ, ᴀʙᴜʟ ᴀ'ʟᴀ ᴍᴀᴜᴅᴜᴅɪ, ᴀʟᴇ ᴀʜᴍᴇᴅ sᴜʀᴏᴏʀ, ᴀʟɪ sʜᴀʀɪᴀᴛɪ, ғᴀᴛᴇʜ ᴍᴜʜᴀᴍᴍᴀᴅ ᴍᴀʟɪᴋ, ɪsʀᴀʀ ᴀʜᴍᴇᴅ, sʏᴇᴅ ᴊᴀᴡᴀᴅ ɴᴀϙᴠɪ

ɪϙʙᴀʟ ɪs ᴀᴅᴍɪʀᴇᴅ ᴀs ᴀ ᴘʀᴏᴍɪɴᴇɴᴛ ᴘᴏᴇᴛ ʙʏ ɪɴᴅɪᴀɴs, ᴘᴀᴋɪsᴛᴀɴɪs, ɪʀᴀɴɪᴀɴs, ʙᴀɴɢʟᴀᴅᴇsʜɪs ᴀɴᴅ ᴏᴛʜᴇʀ ɪɴᴛᴇʀɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ sᴄʜᴏʟᴀʀs ᴏғ ʟɪᴛᴇʀᴀᴛᴜʀᴇ.[6][7][8] ᴛʜᴏᴜɢʜ ɪϙʙᴀʟ ɪs ʙᴇsᴛ ᴋɴᴏᴡɴ ᴀs ᴀ ᴘᴏᴇᴛ, ʜᴇ ɪs ᴀʟsᴏ ᴀɴ ᴀᴄᴄʟᴀɪᴍᴇᴅ "ᴍᴜsʟɪᴍ ᴘʜɪʟᴏsᴏᴘʜɪᴄᴀʟ ᴛʜɪɴᴋᴇʀ ᴏғ ᴍᴏᴅᴇʀɴ ᴛɪᴍᴇs".[2][8] ʜɪs ғɪʀsᴛ ᴘᴏᴇᴛʀʏ ʙᴏᴏᴋ, ᴛʜᴇ sᴇᴄʀᴇᴛs ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ sᴇʟғ, ᴀᴘᴘᴇᴀʀᴇᴅ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘᴇʀsɪᴀɴ ʟᴀɴɢᴜᴀɢᴇ ɪɴ 1915, ᴀɴᴅ ᴏᴛʜᴇʀ ʙᴏᴏᴋs ᴏғ ᴘᴏᴇᴛʀʏ ɪɴᴄʟᴜᴅᴇ ᴛʜᴇ sᴇᴄʀᴇᴛs ᴏғ sᴇʟғʟᴇssɴᴇss, ᴍᴇssᴀɢᴇ ғʀᴏᴍ ᴛʜᴇ ᴇᴀsᴛ ᴀɴᴅ ᴘᴇʀsɪᴀɴ ᴘsᴀʟᴍs. ʜɪs ʙᴇsᴛ ᴋɴᴏᴡɴ ᴜʀᴅᴜ ᴡᴏʀᴋs ᴀʀᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴀʟʟ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ᴍᴀʀᴄʜɪɴɢ ʙᴇʟʟ, ɢᴀʙʀɪᴇʟ's ᴡɪɴɢ, ᴛʜᴇ ʀᴏᴅ ᴏғ ᴍᴏsᴇs ᴀɴᴅ ᴀ ᴘᴀʀᴛ ᴏғ ɢɪғᴛ ғʀᴏᴍ ʜɪᴊᴀᴢ.[9] ᴀʟᴏɴɢ ᴡɪᴛʜ ʜɪs ᴜʀᴅᴜ ᴀɴᴅ ᴘᴇʀsɪᴀɴ ᴘᴏᴇᴛʀʏ, ʜɪs ᴜʀᴅᴜ ᴀɴᴅ ᴇɴɢʟɪsʜ ʟᴇᴄᴛᴜʀᴇs ᴀɴᴅ ʟᴇᴛᴛᴇʀs ʜᴀᴠᴇ ʙᴇᴇɴ ɪɴғʟᴜᴇɴᴛɪᴀʟ ɪɴ ᴄᴜʟᴛᴜʀᴀʟ, sᴏᴄɪᴀʟ, ʀᴇʟɪɢɪᴏᴜs ᴀɴᴅ ᴘᴏʟɪᴛɪᴄᴀʟ ᴅɪsᴄᴏᴜʀsᴇs.[9]

ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ 1922 ɴᴇᴡ ʏᴇᴀʀ ʜᴏɴᴏᴜʀs, ʜᴇ ᴡᴀs ᴍᴀᴅᴇ ᴀ ᴋɴɪɢʜᴛ ʙᴀᴄʜᴇʟᴏʀ ʙʏ ᴋɪɴɢ ɢᴇᴏʀɢᴇ ᴠ.[10][11] ᴡʜɪʟᴇ sᴛᴜᴅʏɪɴɢ ʟᴀᴡ ᴀɴᴅ ᴘʜɪʟᴏsᴏᴘʜʏ ɪɴ ᴇɴɢʟᴀɴᴅ, ɪϙʙᴀʟ ᴊᴏɪɴᴇᴅ ᴛʜᴇ ʟᴏɴᴅᴏɴ ʙʀᴀɴᴄʜ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ᴀʟʟ-ɪɴᴅɪᴀ ᴍᴜsʟɪᴍ ʟᴇᴀɢᴜᴇ.[8][9] ᴅᴜʀɪɴɢ ᴛʜᴇ ʟᴇᴀɢᴜᴇ's ᴅᴇᴄᴇᴍʙᴇʀ 1930 sᴇssɪᴏɴ, ʜᴇ ᴅᴇʟɪᴠᴇʀᴇᴅ ᴀ sᴘᴇᴇᴄʜ, ᴋɴᴏᴡɴ ᴀs ᴛʜᴇ ᴀʟʟᴀʜᴀʙᴀᴅ ᴀᴅᴅʀᴇss, ɪɴ ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ʜᴇ ᴘᴜsʜᴇᴅ ғᴏʀ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄʀᴇᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏғ ᴀ ᴍᴜsʟɪᴍ sᴛᴀᴛᴇ ɪɴ ɴᴏʀᴛʜ-ᴡᴇsᴛ ɪɴᴅɪᴀ.

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Answered by Anonymous
8

Answer:

Explanation:

sɪʀ ᴀʟʟᴀᴍᴀ ᴍᴜʜᴀᴍᴍᴀᴅ ɪϙʙᴀʟ (/ˈɪᴋʙɑːʟ/; ᴜʀᴅᴜ: محمد اِقبال‎; 9 ɴᴏᴠᴇᴍʙᴇʀ 1877 – 21 ᴀᴘʀɪʟ 1938), ᴋɴᴏᴡɴ ᴀs ᴀʟʟᴀᴍᴀ ɪϙʙᴀʟ, ᴡᴀs ᴀ ᴘᴏᴇᴛ, ᴘʜɪʟᴏsᴏᴘʜᴇʀ, ᴛʜᴇᴏʀɪsᴛ, ᴀɴᴅ ʙᴀʀʀɪsᴛᴇʀ ɪɴ ʙʀɪᴛɪsʜ ɪɴᴅɪᴀ. ʜᴇ ʜᴀs ʙᴇᴇɴ ᴄᴀʟʟᴇᴅ ᴛʜᴇ "sᴘɪʀɪᴛᴜᴀʟ ғᴀᴛʜᴇʀ ᴏғ ᴘᴀᴋɪsᴛᴀɴ" ғᴏʀ ʜɪs ᴄᴏɴᴛʀɪʙᴜᴛɪᴏɴs ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴ. ɪϙʙᴀʟ's ᴘᴏᴇᴍs, ᴘᴏʟɪᴛɪᴄᴀʟ ᴄᴏɴᴛʀɪʙᴜᴛɪᴏɴs, ᴀɴᴅ ᴀᴄᴀᴅᴇᴍɪᴄ ᴀɴᴅ sᴄʜᴏʟᴀʀʟʏ ʀᴇsᴇᴀʀᴄʜ ᴡᴇʀᴇ ᴅɪsᴛɪɴɢᴜɪsʜᴇᴅ.[1][2] ʜᴇ ɪɴsᴘɪʀᴇᴅ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘᴀᴋɪsᴛᴀɴ ᴍᴏᴠᴇᴍᴇɴᴛ ɪɴ ʙʀɪᴛɪsʜ ɪɴᴅɪᴀ[3][4] ᴀɴᴅ ɪs ᴄᴏɴsɪᴅᴇʀᴇᴅ ᴀ ʀᴇɴᴏᴡɴᴇᴅ ғɪɢᴜʀᴇ ᴏғ ᴜʀᴅᴜ ʟɪᴛᴇʀᴀᴛᴜʀᴇ,[5] ᴀʟᴛʜᴏᴜɢʜ ʜᴇ ᴡʀᴏᴛᴇ ɪɴ ʙᴏᴛʜ ᴜʀᴅᴜ ᴀɴᴅ ᴘᴇʀsɪᴀɴ.[2][5]

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