Enlist the characteristics of genetic code. (very short ans)
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- The genetic code is universal. All known living organisms use the same genetic code.
- The genetic code is unambiguous. Each codon codes for just one amino acid (or start or stop).
- The genetic code is redundant. Most amino acids are encoded by more than one codon.
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Characteristics of Genetic Code are as follows:-
(i) Triplet code : Three adjacent nitrogen bases constitute a codon which specifies the placement of one amino acid in a polypeptide.
(ii) Start signal: Polypeptide synthesis is signaled by AUG or methionine codon and GUG — Valine codon. They have dual function.
(iii) Stop signal: Polypeptide chain termination is signaled by three termination codons — UAA, UAQ and UGA. They do not specify any amino acid and are hence also called non-sense codon.
(iv) Universal code : The genetic code is applicable universally i.e. the codon specifies the same amino acid from a virus to a tree or human being.
(v) Non-ambiguous codon : One codon specifies only one amino acid and not any other.
(i) Triplet code : Three adjacent nitrogen bases constitute a codon which specifies the placement of one amino acid in a polypeptide.
(ii) Start signal: Polypeptide synthesis is signaled by AUG or methionine codon and GUG — Valine codon. They have dual function.
(iii) Stop signal: Polypeptide chain termination is signaled by three termination codons — UAA, UAQ and UGA. They do not specify any amino acid and are hence also called non-sense codon.
(iv) Universal code : The genetic code is applicable universally i.e. the codon specifies the same amino acid from a virus to a tree or human being.
(v) Non-ambiguous codon : One codon specifies only one amino acid and not any other.
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