Question

enlist the types of rnA​

Answer 1

Answer:

Types of RNA;

There are several types of RNA.

The 3 major types of RNA are:

mRNA: It is called Messenger RNA. It is transcribed from the DNA and carries the information for the protein synthesis.

tRNA: It is called Transfer RNA. It has stem loop structure. It carries amino acids to the site of protein synthesis and has anti-codon site which would be complementary to the mRNA sequence.

rRNA: It is called ribosomal RNA. It is the site for the synthesis of proteins.

The 16s rRNA also has conserved sequence i.e. Shine-Dalgarno sequence above the promoter sequence which is complementary to the sequence present on the mRNA.

It will help in attachment of the mRNA with the ribosomes.

The other Types are:

snRNA - small nuclear RNA. Has LOTS of uses, like splicing the pre-mRNA.

snoRNA - small nucleolar RNA. Process and chemically modify rRNA's.

scaRNA - small cajal RNA. Modifies the snoRNA and snRNA.

miRNA - micro RNA. Regulate gene expression by blocking translation of selective mRNA's.

siRNA - small interfering RNA. Silencing genes by attaching and causing degradation of mRNA's (and the establishment of compact chromatin structures).

Others in the cell: RNA's used for telomere synthesis, X-chromosome silencing, transport of proteins into ER.

RNA in RNA viruses, which is really cool, because it does lots of weird (and awesome) stuff. It can be coding, or has parts that have varied enzyme activity like splicing itself, or just used as template for the production functional RNA. Viral RNA can be sense, antisense or two stranded.

Viroids - pathogens that made purely from RNA.

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Answer 2

TYPES OF RNA

i) tRNA (Transfer RNA)

✏It is also called transfer RNA, it occurs in cytoplasm and smallest in three types.

✏tRNA has a site for binding amino acid, it is situated at 3’end and has unpaired CCA sequence.

• tRNA has three loops;

1. Anticodon loop – Situated opposite to amino acid binding site and has an anticodon made up of three nitrogen bases for recognising and attaching to the codon of mRNA.

2. Ribosomal binding site – This loop is meant for the attaching to ribosome.

3. DHU loop - Dihydroxy uridine loop is meant for binding the enzyme aminoacyl sythetase.

ii) mRNA (messenger RNA)

✏mRNA is transcribed from DNA.

✏It carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes for the protein synthesis.

iii) Ribosomes

✏Protein synthesis occurs in ribosomes.

✏They are found in cytoplasm, in the matrix, on the matrix, RER, and also in plastids and mitochondria.

iv) Amino acid

✏Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.

✏They are linked by peptide bond to form a polypeptide chain during protein synthesis.

✏There are 20 amino acids in proteins that occur in the cytoplasm.

v) Enzymes

✏There are two important enzymes.

✏They are aminoacyl t RNA synthetase and peptidyl transferase present in translatio