Question

Enlist the various types of soils found in India and explain any two of them.

Answer 1

Answer:

Types of soils in India

Alluvial Soil.

Black Soil.

Red Soil.

Laterite Soil.

Mountain Soil.

Saline - Alkaline Soil.

Desert Soil.

Peaty and Marshy Soil.

Answer 2

Answer:

1. Alluvial Soils: These are formed by the deposition of sediments by rivers.
2. Black Soils: These soils are made up of volcanic rocks and lava-flow.
3. Red Soils: These are derived from weathering of ancient metamorphic rocks of Deccan Plateau.
4. Laterite Soils
5. Mountain Soils
6. Desert Soils.

Explanation:

• Alluvial soils are soils deposited by surface water. You'll find them along rivers, in floodplains and deltas, stream terraces, and areas called alluvial fans.
• Black soils are mineral soils which have a black surface horizon, enriched with organic carbon that is at least 25 cm deep. Two categories of black soils (1st and 2nd categories) are recognized.
• Red soil is a type of soil that develops in a warm, temperate, moist climate under deciduous or mixed forest, having thin organic and organic-mineral layers overlying a yellowish-brown leached layer resting on an illuvium red layer. Red soils are generally derived from crystalline rock.