Enlist various steps involved in RNA Translation. (Pharmacognosy)
Answers
Before translation comes:
transcription, which produces a chain of introns and exons.
RNA splicing by spliceosomes which remove introns, and
formulation of the messenger RNA from exons.
In eukaryotes, translation happens on the ribosomes in the cytoplasm and in the endoplasmic reticulum. In bacteria, translation happens in the cell cytoplasm: they have no nucleus.
1 The ribosome binds to mRNA at a
specific area.
2 The ribosome starts matching tRNA
anticodon sequences to the mRNA
codon sequence.
3 Each time a new tRNA comes into
the ribosome, the amino acid that it
was carrying gets added to the
elongating polypeptide chain.
4 The ribosome continues until it
hits a stop sequence, then it
releases the polypeptide and the
mRNA.
5 The polypeptide forms into its
native shape and starts acting as a
functional protein in the cell
Translation happens in four stages:
activation (make ready), initiation (start), elongation (make longer) and termination (stop). These terms describe the growth of the amino acid chain (polypeptide)
Hope you understand