ephrons are fnctional units and stuctural unit of kidney how will u support this statement (it carris 4 marks)
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The major structural unit of kidney is nephron and is found in renal pyramids of the kidneys. Nephron has two major components the blood vessel and renal tubule.
So what purpose do they serve? Simply put, they filter blood, return needed molecules back to the blood stream and place rest of the molecules to the urine (so form urine).
I would suggest you to draw the nephron. It is easy and helps a lot to understand.
Here is the unlabeled nephron. If you can label the following 9 terms, you will understand the function better instead of memorizing.
1. Afferent arteriole - carries unfiltered blood to the nephron. They divide and form capillary network.
2. Glomerulus - is the capillary network that afferent arteriole forms. This is from where molecules exit the capillaries and enter the renal tubule.
3. Efferent arteriole - The above mention capillary network then rejoins and becomes efferent arteriole, which exits the glomerulus and then turns into peritubular capillaries.
4. Peritubular capillaries - is a network of blood vessels that go alongside the nephron and allow re-absorption of needed molecules. (you won’t find this network on the picture of nephron posted, but you can draw it yourself.)
5. Bowman’s capsule - this is the beginning of renal tubule (notice it was all about the blood vessels before this part). It surrounds the glomerulus.
6. PCT (proximal convoluted tubule) - Bowman’s capsule narrows and now is called PCT.
7. Loop of Henle (descending limb and ascending limb). - PCT dips down to form the loop of Henle.
8. DCT (distal convoluted tubule) loop of Henle (particularly the ascending limb) forms DCT. And DCT’s of many other nephrons all join in to form collecting duct
9. Collecting duct - is the structure that takes urine to the minor calyxes.
So what purpose do they serve? Simply put, they filter blood, return needed molecules back to the blood stream and place rest of the molecules to the urine (so form urine).
I would suggest you to draw the nephron. It is easy and helps a lot to understand.
Here is the unlabeled nephron. If you can label the following 9 terms, you will understand the function better instead of memorizing.
1. Afferent arteriole - carries unfiltered blood to the nephron. They divide and form capillary network.
2. Glomerulus - is the capillary network that afferent arteriole forms. This is from where molecules exit the capillaries and enter the renal tubule.
3. Efferent arteriole - The above mention capillary network then rejoins and becomes efferent arteriole, which exits the glomerulus and then turns into peritubular capillaries.
4. Peritubular capillaries - is a network of blood vessels that go alongside the nephron and allow re-absorption of needed molecules. (you won’t find this network on the picture of nephron posted, but you can draw it yourself.)
5. Bowman’s capsule - this is the beginning of renal tubule (notice it was all about the blood vessels before this part). It surrounds the glomerulus.
6. PCT (proximal convoluted tubule) - Bowman’s capsule narrows and now is called PCT.
7. Loop of Henle (descending limb and ascending limb). - PCT dips down to form the loop of Henle.
8. DCT (distal convoluted tubule) loop of Henle (particularly the ascending limb) forms DCT. And DCT’s of many other nephrons all join in to form collecting duct
9. Collecting duct - is the structure that takes urine to the minor calyxes.
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