essay on chandrayan
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Chandrayaan 2 is an Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) mission comprising an orbiter and a soft lander carrying a rover, scheduled to launch to the Moon in July 2019. The primary objective of Chandrayaan 2 is to demonstrate the ability to soft-land on the lunar surface and operate a robotic rover on the surface.
Answer:
Chandrayaan 2 was launched on July 22 from the same launch pad from which Chandrayaan 1 had taken off. Instead of using the outdated PSLV rocket used earlier, the spacecraft made use of the advanced Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark III (GSLV Mk III).
The spacecraft is expected to land on the Moon's on September 7, 2019. According to NASA, the Moon's polar craters have the Solar System's lowest temperature. It will be the first probe in the world which will land on the lunar south pole. The main mission objective is the exploration of lunar water near the polar region.
Also, ISRO plans to test the capabilities of its lunar rover named Pragyan. Weighing 27kg, the rover operates on solar power and travels at a speed of 1cm per second. It will continuously perform chemical analysis of the soil and send back to the lander (named Vikram), which will update the ground station.
It is expected that the rover will operate for 14 days but the duration may vary since Pragyan uses solar power to keep itself up.
Unlike last time, ISRO declined to carry any foreign payloads due to weight restrictions. But in June 2019, it agreed to carry a small laser retroreflector from NASA. The orbiter will carry eight payloads, while the lander is carrying three and the rover just two.
However, the orbiter will be hovering over the moon at a distance of 100km and performing passive experiments just like it did on Chandrayaan 1.
Chandrayaan 2 has successfully entered space. That being said, the most critical part will be the auto soft-landing. If the spacecraft lands successfully on the Moon, India will be the fourth country to join the moon club after China, the United States and Russia.
The entire Chandrayaan 2 mission cost approximately $141 million. This is less than every instalment in the Marvel Avenger series.
Unlike Chandrayaan 1, the stakes are pretty high this time since the spacecraft is also carrying a lunar rover, orbiter and a lander. Moreover, Chandrayaan 2 is the country's first time using self-manufactured components and design vehicles.
The launch is significant for a number of reasons, including the fact that, for the first time in Indian history, a space mission is spearheaded by two women. Chandrayaan-2 is led by Muthayya Vanitha and Ritu Karidhal, the project director and mission director, respectively.