Question

Essay on food problems in India

Answer 1

Answer:

there are many hungers die in india.there is no sufficient food in india . only 55%land is cultivated.

Answer 2

Explanation:

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✒.... Three fundamental or basic needs of humanity are food, shelter and clothing. Rightly does the Indian Constitution provide that every man, woman and child has a right to food, to work and to enjoy the basic necessities like education, medical aid and employment facilities. Unfortunately, even after 50 years of Independence, the problem of food has remained unsolved. It has been estimated that every third person in Asia, suffers from hunger and a much larger people suffer from malnutrition. India is no exception to this observation.

According to Dr. P.V. Sukhatme, “Every 4 persons out of 10 in the world are hungry and one of them is an Indian. Roughly 10% of our people are under-nourished and therefore, hungry”. Millions of people live on starvation line, they are ill-fed, ill-clothed, ill-doctored, ill-housed, ill-educated and steeped in poverty.

Malnutrition, starvation and occasional famines have been more or less endemic under Indian conditions. “During the last 300 years, India has experienced 26 major famines- during the last 700 years, there have been 17 very severe food disasters- and during the historical times of the 34 great famines of the world 18 have occurred in India. The frequency and cyclical order show the peculiar susceptibility of this country to crop failures and recurrent shortages of food supply.”

Scarcities and famines in the 19th century were due not to the actual shortage of food in relation to its total population but to the lack of transport facilities and consequent difficulty of moving supplies from one part of the country to the other.

In the earlier part of the nineteenth century, India was a self- sufficient country in matters of food production, but in 1880, the Famine Commission sounded a note of warning that excessive pressure of population on land was resulting in inefficient cultivation of land and lower per capita availability of food. It pointed out that the country, taken as a whole, was definitely surplus in food. But the minority numbers opined that the alleged surplus (of 5 million tonnes) was greatly overestimated.

By 1880 India had reached a position where demand and supply were precariously balanced at the levels of income and population and that an increase either in population or incomes were likely to upset the balance. On the other hand, Shri Gopalaswamy, basing his conclusion on the average level of exports of foodgrains at that time has observed that “in or about 1880 India was normally surplus in foodgrains including both rice and wheat and the surplus was of the order of 12 lakh tonnes”.

As per his findings, the exports of foodgrains amounted to 2.4 m. tonnes in 1895-96. Even in famine years, 1896-97 and 1899-1900, India exported 1.5 m. and 2.2 m. tonnes of foodgrains respectively. Again, the Famine Commission of 1898 put the annual surplus in food grains at 9.5 m. tonnes. During 1890-91 to 1919-20, India exported 72.8 lakh tonnes of foodgrains, while imports amounted to 34.6 lakh tonnes.

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