essay on haryana agriculture
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Explanation:
Haryana is a land of hardworking farmers. Mixed farming is a way of life and the State is known for its famous breeds of Murrah buffalo and Hariana cattle. Also the climate of Haryana is uniquely favourable for Basmati rice cultivation. About 2/3rdof the State has assured irrigation, most suited for rice-wheat production system, whereas rain fed lands (around 1/5th) are most suited for rapeseed & mustard, pearl millet, cluster bean cultivation, agro-forestry and arid-horticulture. The Stateis also ideally located nearer to National Capital Region (NCR) with access to a range of big markets and the international Airport. Rice, wheat, rapeseed & mustard, bajra, cotton and sugarcane are the major crops with considerable scope for agricultural diversification as well as off farm opportunities. Cauliflower, onion, potato, tomato, chillies guava and kinnow are the important horticultural crops having good potential. Allied sectors like dairying, poultry, fishery, arid-horticulture, mushroom farming, bee keeping, agro-forestry have great potential. The land and water resources are indeed valuable and the State is fortunate to have very good cultivable land with high cropping intensity, proper farm mechanization and progressive farming community, especially very hard working women farmers. Rich traditional knowledge and modern farming practices adopted by the farmers place Haryana State in a viable position. The Government policies are pro-farmer and State has an efficient governance system to support farmers. Opportunities Proximity to the national capital region (NCR) as well other big cities, the fast growing domestic demand and expanding markets for agricultural products is a rare opportunity especially for the farming community of Haryana. Well-developed research and extension system to bridge the existing productivity gaps in crops, animals and other sectors, developing infrastructure for agroprocessing to utilize available raw materials mare some of the emerging opportunities that needs to be harnessed. Increasing demand for fruits, vegetables, milk, meat, eggs, fish and other dairy products (butter, paneer, cheese, sweets), due to fast expansion of middle income group, is seen as positive indicator. In addition, international demand for specialty products such as Basmati rice, Mozzarella cheese, Murrah buffalo germ plasm, mushroom, baby corn, strawberry, honey, etc. are some of the emerging highly potential options for increased profitability and income. Linking of markets with producing centres along with existence of International Air Port in the near vicinity offers additional opportunities for exporting to even global markets. Also the fast developing rural infrastructure in the State is an additional asset for fully exploiting the potential of agriculture sector. Existing cooperative societies can also be revitalized for organized credit, marketing and other services in the agriculture sector. Convergence and coordination among research and development organizations, possibilities for diversification in favour of horticulture, especially the vegetables and flowers, livestock, inland aquaculture (in village ponds, waterlogged areas and arid region having brackish water), aiming at growing of high value fish species like mangur, sol, sea bass, tilapia, singara, prawn, etc. will open new opportunities for increased profitability and income. Organic farming is another area for cutting down costs, improved soil fertility and increased farm income. Scope for development of peri-urban agriculture and protected cultivation of good quality vegetables and flowers is another untapped /under-tapped opportunity for the farmers of Haryana.