essay on india before and Independence
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India, before 1947, was a country divided by many regions, languages, religions and cultures. On August 14th, 1947, the Islamic Republic of Pakistan became independent. On August 15th, 1947, the jewel of the British Empire, India, was granted independence. India had been divided, primarily along a religious line, into two pieces.
There are many different reasons why partition occurred. When the British oppressed India, they had a divide and conquer policy that exacerbated the religious and cultural rifts that already existed in the society. The Muslim League, believing in the ideology of “Pakistan” actively campaigned to gain more support from the Muslims in India, especially under the guidance of dynamic leaders like Jinnah. Pakistani leader and founder, Muhammad Ali Jinnah, believed that this partition was inevitable since, “‘[a] united India would never have worked’” (Komireddi 2009). He and others believed that a unified nation would only lead to marginalization of Muslims and, eventually, violence and civil war. The Indian National Congress also made many small decisions that convinced many members of the Muslim League that a unified India was not possible. In the end, there were several reasons for the birth of a separate Muslim homeland in the subcontinent, and all three parties — the British, Indian and Muslim elites played a major role.
As the Hindu’s in northwest India moved south, the Muslims moved north into Pakistan; millions were displaced, thousands were slaughtered as a result of the riots and the birth of both countries was met with death and destruction. Many believe that Muslims went along with the partition and moved to Pakistan “not because they viewed it, as official Pakistani narrative suggests, as the lan...
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...ted the title of Governor-General rather than Prime Minister, which underlined ties to the inherited autocratic British vice regal system. Both of them also died before the formation of the Pakistani Constitution in 1956, and without clarifying their vision for Pakistan. Their deaths created a leadership vacuum and political frenzy within the Pakistani government (Jaffrelot 2011). Pakistan’s ruling elite did not have the same levels of popular mandate and structure as Congress had within India. The Muslim League was made up of culturally migrant-Indian political elites who lacked the grassroots prestige of “Indian revolutionaries” such as Gandhi and Nehru (Darby 2013). Pakistan took eight years to resolve issues on national language
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Essay On India Before Independence
Without their philosophical ideas America s government would be completely different and our rights would not be the same as it is
today. These ideas were taken and incorporated to create a well-balanced government of democratic ideals. Keshvananda Bharti V.
At any time period, democracy of a government is very important and influential to citizens, because everybody needs to own their
rights. Modern revolutions, he believed, are the byproduct of the drive for equality. When the founding fathers came together and
created the constitution, they thought of philosophers like Hobbes, Locke and Harrington and concepts they created that have
existed for years. Freedom In Tocqueville s Analysis Of American Democracy.
This led the idea of Two Nation Theory. As argued in Democracy of America, Tocqueville explains that when everybody begins to feel depraved of equality, the weak will want to bring down the strong to their level. To ensure that democratic
disposition did not occur, individualism and materialism must be kept to a minimum. Robinson British Identity Analysis. This is
significant because it explains why he was a leader in the Partition of India, and the reason he became the first Prime Minister of
Pakistan, a muslim majority state. Initially, Jinnah was a firm believer in the unity between the religions but eventually he was
convinced that the reason for problems in India were because of the two nations within it Muslim and Hindu. Because of it, citizens
have the rights to elect people that they believe and they think is the proper person to represent them for their needs and concerns.
The manner in which our government s frameworks were constructed. Freedom was beneficial for the creation of a democracy, too
much freedom could cause democratic disposition. Populism And Democracy. Muslims were the minority in India compared to the
Hindu population. 1937-1942 POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT Introduction - We can not point out a specific day, event, year or an
entire era in which the war for independence and freedom was started. Robinson provides a strong argument that Muslim identity
grew under British rule because he provided key examples of how British rule and Indian society affected Muslim identity. By
emphasizing Indian society, Robinson downplays the role of the British colonial rule in effecting Indian society itself. Constitution
because of the influences it had on America. Other than these four schools of thoughts, there is one Shia school of thoughts. While
every school of thought has lots of differences, therefore the followers will only follow one school, it s important to know about the
principal of these schools of thoughts before drawing a conclusion about Daesh s affiliation with one or all of this jurisprudence. The
history of sub-continent is filled with these events in which sometimes Muslims took charge over Hindus or sometime Hindus were in
a favorable spot but after the British rule, there were many variations, sometimes Hindus and Muslims joined hands with each other
like in Khilafat Movement in order to get freedom from the British government and sometimes they seemed to fight with each
other to prevail their cultural, social and religious values, but time to time it became more worse as well as important for both the
communities. Quit India Movement Case Study. Islam What Is The Ideology Of Daesh. Tocqueville The Principle Of The Republic.
However, Robinson pays a significant smaller importance to British rule than Indian society.
Explanation: