essay on Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose
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Subhash Chandra Bose, popularly known as “Netaji”, a great militant, freedom fighter and patriot was born at Cuttack, Orissa on January 23, 1897 to Janakinath Bose and Prabhavati Devi. Janakinath was a well- known lawyer. Prabhavati Devi was a religious and God-fearing woman. Subhash Chandra was a brilliant student from the very beginning and was first in the merit list of successful students in the matriculation examination.
Bose did his graduation from Presidency College, Kolkata. He went to England in September 1919 for higher studies. He was selected for the Indian Civil Service but returned to India without completing his training to take part in the freedom struggle.
The Jallianwallah Bagh Massacre moved and disturbed him, too much. Under the deep influence of Mahatma Gandhi, he joined the Indian National Congress. He was very much impressed by Deshbandhu Chittaranjan Das and began to regard him as his political guru and guide.
Subhash Chandra was arrested several times, for example, he was arrested in Kolkata in December 1921 when he joined the boycott of Prince of Wales’ visit. He was again arrested in October, 1924 and sent into prison at Mandalay Jail in Burma (Myanmar). Later he became the Mayor of Kolkata.
Subhash Chandra was elected President of the Indian National Congress in 1938. He was again made its President the next year. At this juncture he formed his own party the Forward Block in 1939 because of his differences with Mahatma Gandhi and other Congress leaders.
Subhash Chandra launched an all-India anti-British Campaign in September, 1939. He was arrested in July, 1940. Later he was put under house-arrest, but then he disappeared in the guise of a Pa than and reached Berlin, Germany in November, 1941.
He reached Malaya and established Indian National Army (INA) or Azad Hind Fauz by recruiting Indian prisoners of war. In June, 1943, he visited Japan to have support of the Japanese government in the freedom struggle of India. On October 21, 1943, he became the commander of the Indian National Army in Singapore and began his military struggle against the British. He also established the Provisional Government of Free India there. In December, 1943 he occupied Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
In December 1944 the Indian National Army crossed the Burma-India Border and reached Kohima and then Imphal. But the surrender of the Japanese forced him to withdraw and call off the war. It is believed that he lost his life in a plane-crash on August 18, 1945 at the Taihoku airport, Formosa.
Subhash Chandra was one of the greatest freedom-fighters and patriots and the Pride of Bengal. He became a legend in his life-time as a great leader, fiery orator and organiser. He was sent to prison eleven times during 1920-1941.
ADVERTISEMENTS:
Subhash Chandra favoured complete freedom of India at the earliest while the Congress was in favour of freedom in phases in the beginning. He was also against India’s joining the Second World War as an ally of the British.
This led to differences with Gandhiji, and so he resigned from the President-ship of the Congress and set up the Forward Block. After his mysterious disappearance from his house, where he was under arrest, he appeared in Kabul and again disappeared until he surfaced in Germany. From there he started publishing and broadcasting on air to help the struggle for freedom.
He was promised help in his armed struggle by Germany. Then he travelled to Japan facing all the dangers posed by the Second World War. He became the commander of the Indian National Army and freed the islands of Andaman and Nicobar and renamed them as Swaraj and Saheed Islands.
“Delhi Chalo” (March Delhi) becomes the battle cry of the Indian National Army and they were soon across the Indian border in Manipur but then the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the surrender of the Japanese army changed the whole course of events. Therefore, he decided to return to Tokyo to decide his further course of action, but unfortunately, his plane crashed near Taipei and he achieved martyrdom at the young age of 48 years. But the country took the news of his death with disbelief and still there are thousands and thousands of Indians who believe that he is alive.
Answer:
Subhash Chandra Bose, popularly known as “Netaji”, a great militant, freedom fighter and patriot was born at Cuttack, Orissa on January 23, 1897 to Janakinath Bose and Prabhavati Devi. Janakinath was a well- known lawyer. Prabhavati Devi was a religious and God-fearing woman. Subhash Chandra was a brilliant student from the very beginning and was first in the merit list of successful students in the matriculation examination.
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