essay on political condition of nepal
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˙❥˙The Royal Massacre (राजदरबार हत्याकाण्ड) happened on 1 June 2001, in which members of the royal family, King Birendra, Queen Aishwarya, Crown Prince Dipendra, Prince Nirajan, as well as many others, were killed in the massacre. However, after the massacre, the Crown Prince survived for a short while in a coma.
Although the prince never regained consciousness before dying, Crown Prince Dipendra was the monarch under the law of Nepali royal succession. Two days later after his death, the late King's surviving brother Gyanendra was proclaimed as a king.
On 1 February 2002 King Gyanendra suspended the Parliament, appointed a government led by himself, and enforced martial law. The King argued that civil politicians were unfit to handle the Maoist insurgency. Telephone lines were cut and several high-profile political leaders were detained. Other opposition leaders fled to India and regrouped there. A broad coalition called the Seven Party Alliance (SPA) was formed in opposition to the royal takeover, encompassing the seven parliamentary parties who held about 90% of the seats in the old, dissolved parliament.
The UN-OHCHR, in response to events in Nepal, set up a monitoring program in 2005 to assess and observe the human rights situation there[32]
On 22 November 2005, the Seven Party Alliance (SPA) of parliamentary parties and the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) agreed on a historic and unprecedented 12-point memorandum of understanding (MOU) for peace and democracy. Nepali people from various walks of life and the international community regarded the MOU as an appropriate political response to the crisis that was developing in Nepal. Against the backdrop of the historical sufferings of the Nepali people and then enormous human cost of the last ten years of violent conflict, the MOU, which proposes a peaceful transition through an elected constituent assembly, created an acceptable formula for a united movement for democracy. As per the 12-point MOU, the SPA called for a protest movement, and the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) supported it. This led to a countrywide uprising called the Loktantra Andolan that started in April 2006. All political forces including civil society and professional organisations actively galvanised the people. This resulted in massive and spontaneous demonstrations and rallies held across Nepal against King Gyanendra's autocratic rule.
Answer:
Political condition of medieval Nepal
Now let us we observe the speech given by an export of Nepalese political situation in a speech programme:
Honourable chairperson and audience!
I would like to express my greatfulness to the organizer who offered me this golden chance to give a speech on the political condition of Nepal during medieval age.
Complete monarchical system existed in Nepal during medieval age. Kingship was hereditary. Except some ruler the kings according to their own whims during this period. During the medieval age kings of different dynasties malla, sen and shah had ruled over Nepal. The karnali reason was ruled challa and malla kings of Thakuri and Khas dynasty. But how the challa surname converted into the malla is still an important matter of research. The successor of the king Ashoka challa began to write malla instead of challa among the different kings, Prithbi malla was the impressive one of them.
The political condition of Nepal was deteriorating as Nepal was divided into small tiny states during this age. There were 22 states in karnali reason which were popularly known as Baise Rajya such as Achham, Jumla, Jajarkot, Rukum, Salyan, Doti, Bajhang, Dang, Bajura, etc.
Similarly there were 24 states in Gandaki reason known as ‘‘Chaubise Rajya” such as Argha, Isma, Udaypur, Uaski, Khanchi, Garahum, Galkot, Gulmi, Gorkha, Dhor, Tanhun, Dhurkot, Nuwakot, Parbat, Palpa, Puythan, Painya, Bhirkot, Mustan, Musikot, Lamjung, Satahum and Syangja. In the same way Kathmandu valley was divided into three kingdoms Kantipur Bhadgaun and Patan were ruled by malla and dev kings.
These kingdoms were also called ‘Nepal Mandal’. The art and architeahture of which Nepal boasts today, is because of these
Malla period. Among the malla kings Jayasthiti malla Yaksha malla Jitamitra malla, Pratap malla, Siddhinarshing malla, Bhupatindra malla, Jayaprakash malla, Ratna malla, Mahendra malla, etc. had a special rule in marketing kantipur, Patan and Bhaktapur artistically beautiful. Likewise there were three more states in the eastern part of Nepal such as Bijayapur, Chaudandi and Makawanpur.
Nanyadev established a terriotary known as Simroungadh, in the southern reason of Nepal. Likewise, the sen dynasty was established by Rudra sen, the king of Palpa. His son Mukunda sen was well known as Mani Mukunda sen. Mani Mukunda sen who died at Devghat, the religious place at Chitwan which is considered as a holy place not only for Hindus but also for people of other religious. After the death of Mani Mukunda sen his son divided the huge Palpa kingdoms for example, Butwal, Palpa, Tanahun, and Makawanput were ruled by Binayak sen, Manikya sen, Bhrigu sen and Lohag sen respectively.
Ram shah the king of Gorkha brought many reforms. The political condition of malla kingdoms was deteriorating,
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