essay on pollution
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Our environment is made of both living and non-living things. The living things include animals, plants, and other microorganisms, whereas air, water, soil, sunlight, etc., form the non-living components of the environment.
Whenever any kind of toxicity is added to our surroundings for a considerably long duration, it leads to environmental pollution. Some of the major types of pollutions are air, water, soil, noise, light, and nuclear pollution.
Smokes from the industries, house chimneys, vehicles, and fuels causes air pollution. Wasted industrial solvents, plastics, and other wastes, sewage etc., causes water pollution. Use of pesticides and deforestation are the major causes of soil pollution. The unnecessary honking of the vehicles, use of loudspeakers lead to noise pollution.
Although it is hard to realize the light and nuclear pollutions these are equally harmful. Excessively bright lights consume a lot of energy while threatening the environmental balance in several ways. Needless to say, the negative impacts of a nuclear reaction last for many decades to come.
All the constituents are interconnected to each other. As the cycle of nature goes on, the toxicity of one component is passed on to all other components as well. There are various means by which the contamination continues to circle in the environment. We can understand it with an example below.
When it rains, the impurities of air gradually dissolve in the water-bodies and soil. When crops are grown in the fields, their roots absorb these harmful toxicants through the contaminated soil and water. The same food is ingested by both animals and human beings. In this way, it reaches the top of the food chain when the herbivores are consumed by the carnivores.
The consequences of environmental pollution can be seen in the form of severe health diseases. More people are suffering from respiratory problems, weaker immunity, kidney and liver infections, cancer, and other chronic illnesses. The aquatic life, including both flora and fauna, is depleting rapidly. The soil quality and crop quality are deteriorating.
Global warming has become a major issue as a result of environmental pollution that the world needs to cope up with. The melting icebergs in Antarctica have resulted in the rising sea levels. Natural calamities such as frequent earthquakes, cyclones, etc., are all due to the havoc caused by the increased environmental pollution levels. Incidents of Hiroshima-Nagasaki and Chernobyl in Russia have led to the irreparable damage to the humankind.
In response to these disasters, every possible measure is being taken by the different countries in the world. More awareness programs are being organized to educate people about the hazards of environmental pollution and the nee d of protecting our planet. Greener ways of living are becoming popular. Energy-efficient bulbs, eco-friendly vehicles, use of solar and wind energy, are to name some.
Governments are also emphasizing on planting more trees, eliminating plastic products, better recycling of natural wastes, and minimal use of pesticides. This kind of organic lifestyle has helped us protect many plant and animal species from becoming extinct while making earth a greener and healthier place to live in.
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Pollution means the process of making air ,water ,soil ,etc. dirty . Smoke from chimneys, emission of gases by vehicles, wastesand other harmful substances are mainly responsible for pollution. Industries contribute significantly to the pollution of land, water ,air ,noise and resulting degradation of environment .The polluting Industries also include thermal power plants .In large industrial Centres, this problem has become all the more serious.Air pollution is caused by the presence of high proportion of undesirable gases ,such as sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide .smoke is emitted by chemical and paper factories ,brick kilns ,refineries and smelting plants and burning of fossil fuels in big and small factories .Toxic gas leak of the Bhopal gas tragedy is still fresh in the minds of the people
water pollution is caused by the organic and inorganic industrial water and affluents discharge into rivers .The main culprits in this regard are paper, pulp, chemical textile and dyeing ,petroleum refineries,Tanneries and electroplating Industries. Thermal pollution of water occurs when hot water from factories and thermal plants is drained into rivers and Ponds before cooling .
waste from nuclear power plants ,Nucleus and weapon production facilities causes cancers,birth defects and miscarriage . Soil and water pollution are closely related Dumping of waste renders the soil useless .
Rain water percolates to the soil carrying the pollutants to the ground and the ground water also gets contaminated. Noise pollution results in irritation and anger . It also causes hearing impairment ,increases heart rate and blood pressure among other physicological effects .
physicological effects .Every litre of waste water discharged by our industry pollutes Eight times the quantity of fresh water. In the present scanario , pollution must be controlled, otherwise one day our planet earth will become so polluted that no life would be possible on earth .