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essay on subaltern studies to the stydy of natiionalism​

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Answer 2

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Subaltern studies as a whole aims to uncover the histories of groups that within the colonial and nationalist archives went largely shunted to the margins or undocumented altogether. Turning towards popular accounts of public history and memory in order to combat what Guha terms as “elitism,” the subaltern studies group’s primary focus was and is to recover, examine, and privilege the agency of the underclass within the networks of capitalism, colonialism, and nationalism.

Taking cue from the “history from below” methods of cultural studies scholars and historians such as E. P. Thompson, Raymond Williams, and Eric Hobsbawm that circulated in the 1960s, the subaltern studies group aims to focus on working class and particularly “peasant” historical accounts in post/colonial and post-imperial South Asia, specifically India. This group of scholars emerged out of the University of Sussex under the academic guidance of professors Ranajit Guha and Eric Stokes, and largely involved the following scholars: Shahid Amin, David Arnold (joined later), Gautam Bhadra, Dipesh Chakrabarty, N. K. Chandra, Partha Chatterjee, Arvind N. Das, David Hardiman (joined later), Stephen Henningham (joined later), Gyanendra Pandey, and Sumit Sarkar. In 1982, these collaborators produced the Subaltern Studies journal, writing on South Asian history and society in a way that they felt had not been done; this project thus birthed “subaltern studies” as a field.

According to Ranajit Guha, subaltern studies intervened in historical schools of thought that could not represent the history of nationalism in India without celebrating the role the elites played in bringing the larger nation into the discourse. This existing version of history, Guha argues, discounted subaltern contributions, and so the subaltern studies group sought “to rectify the elitist bias” in a field “dominated by elitism — colonialist elitism and bourgeois-nationalist elitism”

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