essay on the topic "protection of the ozone layer" in 300 words. IN FRENCH
Answers
Answered by
3
La couche d'ozone dans la haute atmosphère protège les humains et les autres organismes contre les rayons ultraviolets du soleil. Dans les années 1970, les scientifiques ont découvert que certains produits chimiques fabriqués par l'homme épuisent la couche d'ozone, entraînant une augmentation du rayonnement UV atteignant la Terre.
La réduction des substances appauvrissant la couche d'ozone a également eu un effet secondaire bénéfique. Les substances qui appauvrissent l'ozone sont également des gaz à effet de serre très puissants, ce qui contribue au phénomène comme d'autres substances largement connues pour avoir un effet de serre comme le dioxyde de carbone, le méthane et l'oxyde nitreux.
La réduction des substances appauvrissant la couche d'ozone a également eu un effet secondaire bénéfique. Les substances qui appauvrissent l'ozone sont également des gaz à effet de serre très puissants, ce qui contribue au phénomène comme d'autres substances largement connues pour avoir un effet de serre comme le dioxyde de carbone, le méthane et l'oxyde nitreux.
Answered by
3
The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (a protocol to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer) is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances that are responsible for ozone depletion. It was agreed on 16 September 1987, and entered into force on 1 January 1989, followed by a first meeting in Helsinki, May 1989. Since then, it has undergone eight revisions, in 1990 (London), 1991 (Nairobi), 1992 (Copenhagen), 1993 (Bangkok), 1995 (Vienna), 1997 (Montreal), 1998 (Australia), 1999 (Beijing) and 2016 (Kigali, adopted, but not in force).[1][2] As a result of the international agreement, the ozone hole in Antarctica is slowly recovering.[3] Climate projections indicate that the ozone layer will return to 1980 levels between 2050 and 2070.[4][5] Due to its widespread adoption and implementation it has been hailed as an example of exceptional international co-operation, with Kofi Annan quoted as saying that "perhaps the single most successful international agreement to date has been the Montreal Protocol".[6][7] In comparison, effective burden sharing and solution proposals mitigating regional conflicts of interest have been among the success factors for the ozone depletion challenge, where global regulation based on the Kyoto Protocol has failed to do so.[8] In this case of the ozone depletion challenge, there was global regulation already being installed before a scientific consensus was established. Also, overall public opinion was convinced of possible imminent risks.[9][10]
Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer
Signed 14–16 September 1987
Location Montreal
Effective 1 January 1989 if 11 states have ratified by then.
Condition ratification by 20 states
Signatories 46
Ratifiers 197 (all United Nations members, as well as Niue, the Cook Islands, the Holy See and the European Union)
Depositary Secretary-General of the United Nations
Languages Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish.
Play media
Retrospective video on the Montreal Protocol and the collaboration between policy-makers, scientists, and industry leaders to regulate CFCs.
The largest Antarctic ozone hole recorded as of September 2006
The two ozone treaties have been ratified by 197 parties, which includes 196 states and the European Union,[11] making them the first universally ratified treaties in United Nations history.[12]
These truly universal treaties have also been remarkable in the expedience of the policy-making process at the global scale, where only 14 years lapsed between a basic scientific research discovery (1973) and the international agreement signed (1985 & 1987).
Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer
Signed 14–16 September 1987
Location Montreal
Effective 1 January 1989 if 11 states have ratified by then.
Condition ratification by 20 states
Signatories 46
Ratifiers 197 (all United Nations members, as well as Niue, the Cook Islands, the Holy See and the European Union)
Depositary Secretary-General of the United Nations
Languages Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish.
Play media
Retrospective video on the Montreal Protocol and the collaboration between policy-makers, scientists, and industry leaders to regulate CFCs.
The largest Antarctic ozone hole recorded as of September 2006
The two ozone treaties have been ratified by 197 parties, which includes 196 states and the European Union,[11] making them the first universally ratified treaties in United Nations history.[12]
These truly universal treaties have also been remarkable in the expedience of the policy-making process at the global scale, where only 14 years lapsed between a basic scientific research discovery (1973) and the international agreement signed (1985 & 1987).
Similar questions