essay on topic water pollution
Answers
Water is probably the most important resource we as people have. Humans can survive without food for several weeks, but without water we would die in less than a week. On a slightly less dramatic note, millions of liters of water are needed every day worldwide for washing, irrigating crops, and cooling industrial processes, not to mention leisure industries such as swimming pools and water-sports centers. Despite our dependence on water, we use it as a dumping ground for all sorts of waste, and do very little to protect the water supplies we have.
Water pollution is starting all over the world. Water pollution occurs when waste products or other substances, such as microorganisms.
Right now, the oceans are facing destruction. Each day new pollutants find their way into the ocean's waters. The pollutants that contaminate the ocean take many forms. Each year millions of gallons of oil are put into the ocean. Toxic materials are dumped into the oceans and add up to deadly proportions. Tons of trash such as plastics and paper are pulled out of the ocean each day. This trash contaminates the water and causes many deaths of marine animals. Everyone on the planet has polluted the oceans one way or another. Factories that are in various industries make an enormous contribution to ocean pollution
Water pollution occurs when pollutants are discharged directly or indirectly into water bodies without any treatment or removal of harmful compounds. Contaminated and polluted water now kills more people than all forms of violence including wars. Natural phenomena such as volcanoes, algal blooms, storms and earthquakes also cause major changes in water quality and the ecological status of water.
The specific contaminants leading to pollution in water are various organic and inorganic chemicals, wide spectrum of pathogens especially bacteria, fungus spore, cyanobacteria, actinomycetes, etc., and physical or sensory changes such as elevated temperature and discoloration.
Pathogens can produce waterborne diseases in either human or animal hosts. Coliform bacteria are a commonly used bacterial indicator of water pollution, although not an actual cause of disease. Other microorganisms such as Burkholderia pseudomallei, Cryptosporidium parvum, Giardia lamblia, Salmonella, Novovirus and other viruses Parasitic worms sometimes found in surface waters which have caused human health problems.
Some of the pollutants like lead (Pb), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), chromium (Cr) specially hexavalent chromium, nickel (Ni), barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), selenium (Se),vanadium (V), oils and grease, pesticides, etc. are very harmful, toxic and poisonous even in PPB (parts per billion) range.
Many of the chemical substances are occurring naturally like calcium, sodium, iron, manganese, etc. that regulated the quality of water. High concentrations of naturally occurring substances may have negative impacts on aquatic flora and fauna. Many of the chemical substances are toxic too. Alteration of water’s physical/chemistry property includes acidity (change in pH), electrical conductivity, temperature, and eutrophication.
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