essay topic
Contribution Of Goa in India's Struggle
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
The Portuguese colonised India in 1510, conquering many parts of the western coast and establishing several colonies in the east. By the end of the 19th century, Portuguese colonies in India were limited to Goa, Daman, Diu, Dadra, Nagar Haveli and Anjediva Island.
Revolts against Portuguese rule
Some Goans (e.g. Conspiracy of the Pintos) resented Portuguese rule and wanted to gain power for themselves.[4] There were 14 local revolts against Portuguese rule (the final attempt in 1912),[5] but none of these uprisings was successful. The failure of these uprisings was due to the lack of interest from the majority of Goans, who were comfortable with Portuguese rule and were not interested in change, especially since the Goa Inquisition had been abolished.
The independence movement
18th century
An early attempt to overthrow Portuguese rule was the Conspiracy of the Pintos in 1787. The conspirators unsuccessfully tried to replace Portuguese rule with rule by Tippoo Sultan.
Early 20th century
The abolition of the Portuguese monarchy in 1910 raised hopes that the colonies would be granted self-determination; however, when Portuguese colonial policies remained unchanged, an organised and dedicated anti-colonial movement emerged.[5] Luís de Menezes Bragança founded O Heraldo, the first Portuguese language newspaper in Goa, which was critical of Portuguese colonial rule.[citation needed] In 1917, the "Carta Organica" law was passed, overseeing all civil liberties in Goa.
In reaction to growing dissent, the Portuguese government in Goa implemented policies which curtailed civil liberties, including censorship of the press. Strict censorship policies required any material containing printed words, including invitation cards, to be submitted to a censorship committee for screening. The Portuguese governor of Goa was empowered to suspend publication, close down printing presses and impose heavy fines on newspapers which refused to comply with these policies. Many Goans criticised the curtailing of press freedoms, stating that the only newspapers and periodicals the Portuguese permitted them to publish were pro-colonialist propaganda materials.[6]
Menezes Bragança organised a rally in Margao denouncing the law and, for some time, the Goans received the same rights as mainland Portuguese.[7] However, the Portuguese Catholic Church strongly supported pro-colonial policies and attempted to influence Goan Christians to oppose the independence movement. The Portuguese Patriarch of the Catholic Church in Goa issued over 60 official letters to the priests of the archdiocese, instructing them to preach to their congregations that salvation lay with the Portuguese and in dissociating themselves from cultural-political relationship with the rest of India.[8]
1920–1940