essay writing on problems of periodization in India (Plzzzzzz don't copy I have checked other ans plzzzzzzzzzz)
Answers
Copy is Indian culture so accept it...
Periodization is the process or study of categorizing the past into discrete, quantified named blocks of time.[1] This is usually done in order to facilitate the study and analysis of history, understanding current and historical processes, and causality that might have linked those events.
This results in descriptive abstractions that provide convenient terms for periods of time with relatively stable characteristics. However, determining the precise beginning and ending to any "period" is often arbitrary, since it has changed over time over the course of history.
To the extent that history is continuous and ungeneralizable, all systems of periodization are more or less arbitrary. Yet without named periods, however clumsy or imprecise, past time would be nothing more than scattered events without a framework to help us understand them. Nations, cultures, families, and even individuals, each with their different remembered histories, are constantly engaged in imposing overlapping, often unsystematized, schemes of temporal periodization; periodizing labels are continually challenged and redefined, but once established, a period "brand" is so convenient that many are "very hard" to change or shake off.
The division of history into "ages" or periods is very old, and recorded practically as early as the first development of writing. The Sumerian King List operates with dynastic regnal eras. The classical division into a Golden Age, Silver Age, Bronze Age, Heroic Age and Iron Age goes back to Hesiod. One Biblical periodization scheme commonly used in the Middle Ages was Saint Paul's theological division of history into three ages: the first before the age of Moses (under nature); the second under Mosaic law (under law); the third in the age of Christ (under grace). But perhaps the most widely discussed periodization scheme of the Middle Ages was the Six Ages of the World, where every age was a thousand years counting from Adam to the present, with the present time (in the Middle Ages) being the sixth and final stage
Periodization in history has positive aspects to it as it sheds light on significant events of a particular time in history making it comparable to past and future events of the same nature. It also helps to understand the events in the sequence of their occurrence and their impact. But its drawback is that it is limited to the viewpoint of the historian who wrote it.
Different
historians have approached Indian history in different ways as they saw it.
James Mill, the Scottish philosopher and economist felt the need to divide
Indian history on the basis of religion, into three periods – Hindu, Muslim and
British. His viewpoints were very limited and biased. There were also other
faiths that were followed. And the notion that the British would take India
into progress and enlightenment from the previous dark ages of ignorance,
darkness, religious intolerance and such, was prejudiced and incorrect.
Other
historians have classified the Indian history as ancient, medieval and modern.
This viewpoint also had lot of wrong projections. The ancient and medieval
period were looked upon as dark ages without any scientific development or
knowledge. This is not true in reality.
It is true
that historical events need to be seen in the context of dates as they help in
correlating events. But events take a very long time to materialize so they
cannot be bound by dates alone for reference. Events need to be studied in the
context of other related events to get the right picture and to draw correct
conclusion.