Essy on Mahatma Gandhi
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Answer:
Mohan Das Karam Chand Gandhi, the father of the nation popularly known as Mahatma Gandhi or Bapu. He was born on 2nd October 1869. His father Karam Chand Gandhi was the Diwan and his mother Pulibai was a religious and pious lady.
At the age of seven, he went to school. After Matriculation and college studies he went to England to study law. There he became a barrister and returned home. He started his practice at Bombay and then he went to Rajkot.
In one case he had to go to South Africa, where he stayed for twenty-one years. There he saw the pathetic condition of Indians. He fought bravely against the white men’s injustice towards the Indians. Due to his efforts Indian Relief Act was passed in 1914. This bettered the lot of Indians.
In 1915 he came back to India and joined congress. He launched his Satyagrah Movement against the British. Under his leadership, congress started non-violence and non-cooperation movement to oppose the unjust acts of British Government. He led the historic Dandi March and broke the salt law. In 1942 he started “Quit India” movement and forced the British to leave India. At last, due to his efforts, India got independence in August 1947.
He led a very simple life. It was from there he led this country to freedom. He worked for the upliftment of Harijans.
On the evening of 30th January, 1948, Nathu Ram Godse fired three shots on him at Birla Bhawan while he was holding his prayer meeting as usual. Thus the true servant of humanity left his footprints on the sands of time.
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Explanation:
Born and raised in a Hindu family in coastal Gujarat, western India, Gandhi trained in law at the Inner Temple, London, and was called to the bar at age 22 in June 1891. After two uncertain years in India, where he was unable to start a successful law practice, he moved to South Africa in 1893 to represent an Indian merchant in a lawsuit. He went on to stay for 21 years. It was in South Africa that Gandhi raised a family, and first employed nonviolent resistance in a campaign for civil rights. In 1915, aged 45, he returned to India. He set about organising peasants, farmers, and urban labourers to protest against excessive land-tax and discrimination. Assuming leadership of the Indian National Congress in 1921, Gandhi led nationwide campaigns for easing poverty, expanding women's rights, building religious and ethnic amity, ending untouchability, and above all for achieving Swaraj or self-rule.[9]
The same year Gandhi adopted the Indian loincloth, or short dhoti and, in the winter, a shawl, both woven with yarn hand-spun on a traditional Indian spinning wheel, or charkha, as a mark of identification with India's rural poor. Thereafter, he lived modestly in a self-sufficient residential community, ate simple vegetarian food, and undertook long fasts as a means of self-purification and political protest. Bringing anti-colonial nationalism to the common Indians, Gandhi led them in challenging the British-imposed salt tax with the 400 km (250 mi) Dandi Salt March in 1930, and later in calling for the British to Quit India in 1942. He was imprisoned for many years, upon many occasions, in both South Africa and India.
Gandhi's vision of an independent India based on religious pluralism was challenged in the early 1940s by a new Muslim nationalism which was demanding a separate Muslim homeland carved out of India.[