Estimate the drift velocity and current density in a copper wire of thickness 2mm, carrying a conductor current of 5A.
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Answer:
42704 m/s.
Explanation:
Current, I = 5A
Wire thickness = 2mm
So, the cross sectional area of the wire, A = π * r ²
= π * 1 ²
= 3.14 mm²
= 3.14 / 10⁶ m²
We know, for copper n = 8.5 x 10²⁸ per m³.
The charge of an electron, Q = 1.6 x 10⁻¹⁹ C
So, I = n A v Q, where v is the drift velocity.
or, v = I/(n*A*Q)
or, v = 5 / (8.5x 10²⁸ * 3.14 x 10⁻⁶ * 1.6 x 10⁻¹⁹)
or, v = 42704 m/s
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