Evaluate the positive impact of this visual AIDS that will be use by HMP!
Answers
Answer:
When accurately used they aid achievement and hold the attention of students. Visual aids can be very useful in supportive a topic, and the amalgamation of both visual and audio stimuli is particularly effective since the two most important senses are involved (Burrow, 1986).
Answer:
7 Correctional Systems
The stigma and fear associated with HIV pose special challenges for correctional officials charged with the day-to-day management of prisons and jails.
In seeking to gauge the impact of AIDS in a society, correctional facilities are convenient units of social analysis. Prisons and jails typify total institutions: they are "place[s] of residence and work where large numbers of like-situated individuals, cut off from the wider society for an appreciable period of time, together lead an enclosed, formally administered round of life" (Goffman, 1961: xiii). The ready availability of prisoners makes them easy to study, at least in some respects. Indeed, a growing literature on the impact of AIDS on prisons and corrections has emerged. Various mandatory and voluntary HIV antibody screening programs also provide some information of the extent of HIV disease in prisons, although some prisoners' rights groups have questioned the focus on prisoners in HIV seroprevalence studies (Hammett and Dubler, 1990:496):
Staff of the New York Prisoner's Rights Project (PRP) oppose singling out inmates for epidemiologic studies of HIV infection. Prisoners, they argue, offer no particular characteristics unavailable in the free population, except that they can be conveniently studied. According to PRP staff, convenience should not be a governing factor in the approval of such research [citation omitted].
Among the recent studies are the surveys on AIDS in correctional institutions conducted by Abt Associates under contract to the National Institute of Justice (Hammett et al., 1989; Moini and Hammett, 1990). These surveys of various prison systems provide information on policy trends related to such issues as housing and segregation of prisoners with HIV/AIDS, AIDS education, conjugal visitation, and health care access. In most cases the data compiled represent the official responses of correctional administrators, however, and actual practices within institutions may diverge from stated policy. Other sources of information are also available. The subject of HIV in prisons has been given much attention in state legislatures (Gostin, 1989). Litigation concerning HIV in prisons has continued unabated throughout the epidemic, and judicial opinions and court records tell much of the story of AIDS in prisons (see Greenspan, 1989; Gostin, 1990; Gostin, Porter, and Sandomire, 1990). Prisoners have challenged specific practices related to attempts to control the spread of HIV.1 Prisoners with HIV disease have sued to protest their segregation from the general prison population (Branham, 1990), and HIV negative prisoners have sued to try to force the segregation of those with HIV disease.
WHO ARE THE PRISONERS ?
Approximately 1 million individuals are currently confined in prisons and local jails in the United States (Associated Press, 1991; Mauer, 1991).2 The prison population has grown every day since 1974; recent growth is the largest since the federal government began keeping annual records in 1926 (Johnson, 1990). Of every 100,000 U.S. residents, 426 are incarcerated; among black men, the number is 3,109 per 100,000.3 Spending on federal and state prisoners in the United States approaches $25 billion annually (Malcolm, 1991). Since the beginning of the HIV epidemic (approximately 1980), the population in federal prisons and in prisons in the District of Columbia and 18 states has doubled; in California and New Jersey, two states particularly hard hit by the HIV/AIDS epidemic, the number of inmates tripled during the same period (National Commission on AIDS, 1991).
Most commentators have attributed the dramatic increase in the U.S. prison population to mandatory minimum sentences (commonly associated with drug and weapons offenses and sexual assaults and other violent crimes) and restrictive parole eligibility criteria. Langan (1991) holds that the most important factor has been higher imprisonment rates (prosecutors obtaining more felony convictions and judges meting out more prison sentences), which Langan says account for 51 percent of the increase in state prison populations from 1974 to 1986. By contrast, imprisonment for drug offenses accounts for only 8 percent of the increase (although the increase may be greater in recent years, and many property crimes are drug related).
HOPE IT HELPS YOU MATE PLEASE MARK ME AS BRAINLIST AND THANK ME PLEASE PLEASE PLEASE PLEASE PLEASE PLEASE PLEASE PLEASE PLEASE PLEASE