Question

Evaporation from water surface in relation to solar radiation

Answer 1

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Energy is considered as a key source for the future and plays a pivotal role in its socioeconomic development by raising the standard of living and the quality of life, not only for India but also for the world. In view of the scarce fossil fuel reserves, solar energy is one of the important sources of renewable energy used in India because of the suitable climate conditions. It receives about 5485.17？Wh/m2 day of solar insolation with an annual total of about 19, 74, 661.2？Wh/m2. Except for the monsoon months, solar radiation incidence is very encouraging, from the application point of view. For the efficient functioning and better performance of solar energy device, the information of solar radiation and its components at particular location is very essential for designing the solar energy devices. Therefore, over the years, several empirical correlations have been developed in order to estimate the more appropriate solar radiation in India as well as around the world. Here we present a review of different solar radiation models which predict global solar radiation and discussed the long-term plan to meet future energy demand with renewable energy due to economy growth. 1. Introduction The growing demand in urban and rural areas for energy has necessitated the finding of alternative sources of energy. With the change in the rural scenario and agricultural practices, and the advent of gadgets like televisions, mobile phones, and computers, the demand of energy has increased by a multitude. In India, commercial energy consumption makes up about 65% of the total energy consumption. This includes coal with the largest share of 55%, followed by oil at 31%, natural gas at 11%, and hydroenergy at 3%. Noncommercial energy sources (like firewood, cow dung, agricultural wastes, etc.) make 30% over the total energy consumption [1]. Being a tropical country India has unlimited potential for producing renewable energy resources. During the past 25 years, there has a significant growth of the renewable energy technology, and today it considered by many countries as an important technology for the future. Many countries have already established or are in the process of establishing support programs to encourage the adoption of this new technology. The Government of India has also given a major fillip to the adoption of renewable energy by launching the JNNSM (Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission), as one of the eight national missions on climate change, in November 2009. This mission aims to establish India as a global leader in solar energy.

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