Question

"Even before factories begin to dot the landscape in England and Europe there was large scale industrial production for an international market in the countryside". elucidate

Answer 1

In Europe the merchants from the towns moved to the countryside in the 17th and 18th centuries. They gave money to the peasants and artisans and persuaded them to produce for an international market.

The demand for goods increased with the expansion of world trade and the acquisition of colonies in different parts of the world. The merchants could not expand production in the towns because the urban crafts and trade guilds were powerful over there.

The guilds were associations of producers. They provided training to the craftsmen, controlled production, regulated the prices and competition. They restricted the entry of new people in the trade.

The guilds were given monopoly rights by the rulers to produce and trade in specific products. So it was difficult for new merchants to set up their business in towns.

Therefore, they turned to the countryside. The poor peasants and artisans who had lost their common lands started working for the merchants. In this way, they indirectly served the international market.

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Answer 2

I’ll make this simple answer for better understanding


So before there factories came in England and Europe, there existed a large scale industrial production for international market. this was not based on the idea of factories . Many historians refers to this phase as Porto industrialisation
Proto - beginning of something.