Question

Evidence of evolution ​

Answer 1

It has been predicted by the theory of evolution that the differences in such DNA sequences between two organisms should roughly resemble both the biological differences between them according to their anatomy and the time that had passed since these two organisms have separated in course of evolution.

Answer 2

Answer:

There are many evidences to support the evolution of new species. Paleontology, comparative morphology, physiology and modern molecular biology provide evidences to validate evolution.

1) Fossils

Fossils are the remnants of primitive organisms. They are evidences that explain the history of life on earth.

Fossils may be the body, body parts or imprints of organisms. The age of fossils can be calculated scientifically. Fossils from different layers of rocks indicate the evolution of eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Cell Biology and Molecular Biology make fossil evidences more scientific. Primitive fossils have simple structure whereas recently formed fossils have complex structures.

2) Comparative Morphological studies.

The body parts of many organisms may look different in appearance but anatomically they are the same. For example, the forelimbs of lizard, the patagium of bat and flipper of whales look different but anatomically they are the same. They look different because it's their adaption to the different places they live in. This gives us the inference that all organisms evolved from a common ancestor.

3) Biochemistry and Physiology.

Microbes, plants and animals seem very different in their external appearance. But there are close resemblances in their cell structure and physiology. For example Bacteria and Humans have 4 things in common:-

• Enzymes control chemical reactions
• Energy is stored in ATP molecules.
• Genes determine hereditary traits
• Carbohydrates, proteins and fats are the basic substances.

These inferences brought by Biochemistry and Physiology gives us the proof of evolution that different species that exist today have a common ancestor.

4) Molecular Biology.

Through a comparative study of protein molecules in different species, the evolutionary relationship among organisms can be identified. Mutations may occur in the genes that determine the amino acid sequence in protein molecules. These kind of molecular studies help to find the evolutionary relationship between different species.

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