Examine any four reasons for the nationalistic upsurge in 19th century Europe.
Answers
Reasons for the Nationalist upsurge in the 19th
century Europe :
(i) Oppression of people under absolute rulers.
(ii) Liberal ideas spread by well-known philosophers and leaders.
(iii) The French Revolution inspired the people to fight for freedom. -The slogan 'Liberty, Equality and Fraternity' became the clarion call for the common people.
(iv) With the outbreak of revolutionary wars, the French army and its soldiers began to carry the ideas of nationalism abroad.
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Answer : The four reasons for the nationalistic upsurge in 19th century Europe are:-
1. Impact of French Revolution:
French Revolution occurred in 1789. The success of French Revolution inspired the revolutionaries throughout the world.
2. Industrialisation and the middle class:
The growth of industrialisation lead to emergence of new social groups that is middle class of industrial workers, businessman and professionals.
3. Role of languages common:
Language became a binding force for the people for example when Russia occupied Poland and the polish language was banned and replaced by Russian language people revolted against the Russian government.
4. Romanticism:
It was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the 18th century in Europe to develop a particular form of Nationalist sentiments. They wanted to share a collective heritage, a common cultural past as the basis of a nation.
5. Economic Liberalisation:
The ideology of liberalism was an important factor which promoted the sense of nationalism, and the national state. For the new middle classes liberalism stood for the freedom of the individual and equality of all before the law.