Question

examine the language policy of india as an important aspect of our constitutution

Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:THE LANGUAGE POLICY OF INDIA

Doç. Dr. Mustafa DELÎCAN*

I. INTRODUCTION

Diversity in the area of culture, religion, ethnic, and language is the most

characteristic trait of India. This is mostly because of India's long dated history

and to be a home of varying cultures, ethnics, and religions. In addition to these,

after a long time being isolated from 3000 B.C. to 8t h

century, India was ruled by

the Muslims which includes Arabs, Persian, Turks, and Afgans. The British

ruled India for almost 200 years. By Muslims, Islam and Persian and to some

extend Turkish, particularly Old Turkish, The British, English and

Westernization were introduced to India. These historical developments have

added to the diversity of India in all areas.

In this study, I will focus on the language policy and the position of the

official language of India. To do this, historical developments and current

situations will be examined. At the same time, linguistic structure and its social

context in India will also be studied. In the end, the findings relating to language

policy and their effects will be discussed.

II. THE LINGUISTIC STRUCTURE OF INDIA

Today, four language families out of twelve language families in the

world are found in India. These are Indo-Aryan, The Dravidian, the Munda, and

the Tibeto-Burman. According to the 1971 Census, more than 1600 languages

and dialects are spoken in India. But many of them are spoken by a small

number of people. Only 281 languages and dialects of the country are spoken by

more than 5000 people each, the range being as follows (Gandhi, K.L. (1984) 1):

* I.Ü. İktisat Fakültesi, Çalışma Ekonomisi ve Endüstri İlişkileri Bölümü  

122 Mustafa Delican

Number-range of speaker Number of languages and dialects

5000-10.000 60

10.001-100.000 139

More than 100.000 82

Among these languages and dialects only fifteen of them have been

chosen as the state languages in the Eighth Schedule of Constitution of India.

These languages and their percentages to the total population are Assamese 1.65,

Bengali 8.17, Gujarati 4.72, Kannada 3.96, Khasmiri 0.46, Malayalam 4.0,

Marathi 7.62, Oriya 33.62, Punjabi 2.57, Sindhi 0.31, Tamil 6.88, Telugu 8.17,

Hindi 38.04, Urdu 5.22, and Sanskrit is spoken just by 2000 people. When

these languages classified according to language groups, the Indo-Aryan

linguistic groups of the states.

Answer 2

characteristics of language policy in India are as follows.

(i) Our Constitution did not give the status of national language to any one language. Hindi was identified as the official language but there were many safeguards to protect other languages. Besides Hindi, there are 21 other languages recognised as Scheduled languages by the Constitution.

(ii) States too have their own official languages. Much of the government's work takes place in the official language of the concerned state. The Central Government responded by agreeing to continue the use of English along with Hindi for official purposes.

(iii) Promotion of Hindi continues to be the official policy of the Government of India. But the Central Government can't impose Hindi on states where people speak a different language.