Examine the similarities of two varieties of chillies variety1 variety2 High yield small size fruit less hot high resistance to diseases Low yield large size fruit more hot less resistance to diseases a. Name the method to produce plantlets with good qualities from the above varieties
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Top 7 Breeding Methods of Capsicum | India
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This article throws light upon the top seven breeding methods of capsicum. The methods are: 1. Mass Selection 2. Pure line Selection 3. Pedigree Method 4. Single Seed Descent 5. Backcross Method 6. Heterosis Breeding 7. Mutation Breeding.
Method # 1. Mass Selection:
This is the simplest breeding technique to improve populations for multiple traits without concerns about pedigree. It must be used in an environment where the traits of interest are easily expressed. The efficiency of this technique is enhanced by rouging off type plants prior to flower opening.
Initially, it was used to improve landraces or open-pollinated cultivars of peppers. In this approach, characters with high heritabilities are easily fixed and a reasonable level of variability is also maintained. It is still used in Mexico to select seed for Poblano, guajillo and other traditional pepper landraces.
Method # 2. Pure line Selection:
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This method is applicable to landraces/local cultivars being grown by farmers. In this method, initial seed stock is space planted and superior plants are selected and harvested separately.
Next year, individual plant progenies are grown and progeny showing superior performance and devoid of genetic variability, is bulk harvested and evaluated further with check cultivar(s) in replicated trials. Several chilli varieties in India have been developed by this method. These varieties are: G 1, G 2, G 3, G 4, NP 46A, K 1, Co 1, Musalwadi, Sindhur, Patna Red, Pant CI.
Method # 3. Pedigree Method:
This method involves selection of superior plants in the segregating generations following hybridization between superior cultivars along with maintenance of pedigree record. Selection of superior parental cultivars is crucial step in this method. Such chilli cultivars are Andhra Jyoti, Pusa Jwala, Pusa Sadabahar, X 235, K2, Punjab Lal and Jawahar 218.