Question

Example
Name of the family
fonctional group
Halide
fumetional group
CH B met bromide​

Answer 1

Answer:

Bromine reacts with 2-butene to form 2,3-dibromobutane.

reaction

It also reacts with 3-methyl-2-pentene to form 2,3-dibromopentane.

reaction

Instead of trying to memorize both equations, we can build a general rule that bromine reacts with compounds that contain a C=C double bond to give the product expected from addition across the double bond. This approach to understanding the chemistry of organic compounds presumes that certain atoms or groups of atoms known as functional groups give these compounds their characteristic properties.

Functional groups focus attention on the important aspects of the structure of a molecule. We don't have to worry about the differences between the structures of 1-butene and 2-methyl-2-hexene, for example, when these compounds react with hydrogen bromide. We can focus on the fact that both compounds are alkenes that add HBr across the C=C double bond in the direction predicted by Markovnikov's rule.

reaction

Some common functional groups are given in the table below.

Common Functional Groups

Functional Group Name Example

Alkane CH3CH2CH3 (propane)

Alkene CH3CH=CH2 (propene)

Alkyne CH3CCH (propyne)

F, Cl, Br, or I Alkyl halide CH3Br (methyl bromide)

Alcohol CH3CH2OH (ethanol)

Ether CH3OCH3 (dimethyl ether)

Amine CH3NH2 (methyl amine)

The C=O group plays a particularly important role in organic chemistry. This group is called a carbonyl and some of the functional groups based on a carbonyl are shown in the table below.

Functional Groups That Contain a Carbonyl

Functional Group Name Example

Aldehyde CH3CHO (acetaldehyde)

Ketone CH3COCH3 (acetone)

Acyl chloride CH3COCl (acetyl chloride)

Carboxylic acid CH3CO2H (acetic acid)

Ester CH3CO2CH3 (methyl acetate)

Amide CH3NH2 (acetamide)

Answer 2

Answer:

In mathematics, a multiplicative inverse or reciprocal for a number x, denoted by 1/x or x⁻¹, is a number which when multiplied by x yields the multiplicative identity, 1. The multiplicative inverse of a fraction a/b is b/a. For the multiplicative inverse of a real number, divide 1 by the number.