EXERCISE
Review your learning
1. Why were the Middle Ages also known as the Dark Ages?
Discuss the role of the Church in Western Europe.
3. Trace the origin of the Mongols. How did Changez Khan make
race?
4.
Describe the main conquests of the Mongols.
5. In what ways did
the Mongol invasions affect Europe? Discuss
of these conquests.
6. Define the term 'Crusade'. What were the main causes of the
In terms of its primary objectives, do you think that the Crusad
or a failure
8. Write a brief note on the Muslim hero Salah-ud-din Ayubi.
Answers
Answer:
1 The Middle Ages are often said to be dark because of a supposed lack of scientific and cultural advancement. During this time, feudalism was the dominant political system. ... The Dark Ages were a difficult time in which to live: famine and disease were common.
2 During the high Middle Ages, the Roman Catholic Church became organized into an elaborate hierarchy with the pope as the head in western Europe. He establish supreme power. Many innovations took place in the creative arts during the high Middle Ages. Literacy was no longer merely requirement among the clergy
4 The Mongols conquered, by battle or voluntary surrender, the areas of present-day Iran, Iraq, the Caucasus, and parts of Syria and Turkey, with further Mongol raids reaching southwards into Palestine as far as Gaza in 1260 and 1300.