Exercises
1. Make a
breaks down?
comparison and write down ways in which plant
cells are different from animal cells.
2. How is a prokaryotic cell different from a eukaryotic cell?
3. What would happen if the plasma membrane ruptures or
4. What would happen to the life of a cell if there was no Golgi
5. Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell? Why?
6. Where do the lipids and proteins constituting the cell
7. How does an Amoeba obtain its food?
apparatus?
get ?
8. What is osmosis?
9. Carry out the following osmosis experiment:
Take four peeled potato halves and scoos each one out to
make potato cups. One of these potato cups should be made
from a boiled potato. Put each potato cup in a trough
containing water. Now,
(a) Keep cup A empty
(b) Put one teaspoon sugar in cup B
(C) Put one teaspoon salt in cup C
(d) Put one teaspoon sugar in the boiled potato cup D.
Keep these for two hours. Then observe the four potato cups
and answer the following:
(1) Explain why water gathers in the hollowed portion of
B and C.
(ii) Why is potato A necessary for this experiment?
(iii) Explain why water does not gather in the hollowed out
portions of A and D.
5. Which type of cell division is required for growth and repair
of body and which type is involved in formation of gametes?
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Answers
ANSWER:-
1.PLANT CELL.
1.plant cell have a cell membrane.
2.it has cytoplasm.
3.cellular cell walls makes the outer most boundary.
4.they often have chloroplasts containing chlorophyll.
5. plant cells are rectangular and larger than animals cell.
2.ANIMAL CELL
1.they do not have chloroplasts.
2.it has only small vacuoles.
3.animal cells pack cell wall.
4.they do not contain plastids.
5.animal cells are mostly round,oval and smaller than plant cell.
2.
Prokaryotic Cell Eukaryotic cell
1 Unicellular 1 multicellular
2 lysosome and. 2Lysosom and peroxisomes
peroxisomes are are present.
absent.
3 microtubules are 3 microtubules are
absent. preset.
4.endoplasmic 4 endoplasmic reticulum
reticulum is absent. is present.
3.
If the plasma membrane ruptures or breaks down, the cell will not be able to exchange material from its surroundings by diffusion or osmosis because it acts as a mechanical barrier. Thereafter, the protoplasmic material will be disappeared, and the cell will die
4.Without a Golgi apparatus, there would be no lysosome in a cell. Subsequently, the cell would not be able to digest or break down the materials left over from protein creation. This would create a lot of excess junk within the cell. If this happened, the cell wouldn't be able to live for very long.
5.Mitochondria
Mitochondria are tiny organelles inside cells that are involved in releasing energy from food. This process is known as cellular respiration. It is for this reason that mitochondria are often referred to as the powerhouses of the cell
6.Lipids are synthesized in the Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER), and the proteins are synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER).
7.Amoeba takes in food using temporary finger-like extensions of the cell surface, which fuse over the food particle forming a food vacuole. ... The remaining undigested material is moved to the surface of the cell and thrown out
8.the gradual passing of a liquid through a thin layer of material a membrane
9.
(i) Water gathered in the hollowed portions of Potato in B and C by the process of osmosis.
(ii) Potato A is necessary in this experiment because it act as a control experiment.
(iii) Water does not gather in the Hollowed portion of potato A as it was empty. Water also does not gather in the cup D because there potato used was boiled which makes it inactive as after boiling its protein structure ware damaged.
10.There are two ways in which a cell divides:
Mitosis
Meiosis
Mitosis is the type of cell division that results in the formation of two daughter cells each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
Meiosis is a type of cell division that results in the formation of four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
Hence, Mitosis is the type of cell division that is involved in the growth and repair of the body whereas meiosis is a type of cell division that results in the formation of gametes..