EXERCISES
A. Answer in Detail
1. Why are the following nutrients important to us?
(a) Carbohydrates (b) Fats
(c) Proteins
(d) Vitamins
(e) Minerals
(f) Dietary fibre
(g) Water
2. Give the symptoms and diseases caused by the deficiency of
(a) vitamin A
(b) vitamin B. (c) vitamin C.
(d) Vitamin D
(e) calcium
(f) iron.
(g) iodine.
3. How will you test the presence of the following nutrients?
(a) Fats
(b) Starch
(c) Protein
4. List the symptoms of kwashiorkor and marasmus.
Answers
Answer:
1. a) Carbohydrates are the body's main source of energy. The fruit, vegetables, dairy, and grain food groups all contain carbohydrates. Sweeteners like sugar, honey, and syrup and foods with added sugars like candy, soft drinks, and cookies also contain carbohydrates.
b) Fat helps give your body energy, protects your organs, supports cell growth, keeps cholesterol and blood pressure under control, and helps your body absorb vital nutrients. When you focus too much on cutting out all fat, you can actually deprive your body of what it needs most.
c) You need protein in your diet to help your body repair cells and make new ones. Protein is also important for growth and development in children, teens, and pregnant women.
d) Vitamins and minerals are considered essential nutrients—because acting in concert, they perform hundreds of roles in the body. They help shore up bones, heal wounds, and bolster your immune system. They also convert food into energy, and repair cellular damage.
e)Just like vitamins, minerals help your body grow, develop, and stay healthy. The body uses minerals to perform many different functions — from building strong bones to transmitting nerve impulses. Some minerals are even used to make hormones or maintain a normal heartbeat
f) The scrub-brush effect of fiber helps clean out bacteria and other buildup in your intestines, and reduces your risk for colon cancer. Fiber helps keep you regular. A high-fiber diet helps you have soft, regular bowel movements, reducing constipation.
g) Water carries nutrients to all cells in our body and oxygen to our brain. Water allows the body to absorb and assimilate minerals, vitamins, amino acids, glucose and other substances. Water flushes out toxins and waste. Water helps to regulate body temperature.
Explanation: