Exercises
Q. 2. Give short answers for the following
questions.
(1) Describe the importance of irrigation for
agriculture
(2) Give a comparative account of any two
methods of irrigation.
(3) Mention the major types of farming and
give information about intensive
farming and extensive grain farming.
(4) Describe the characteristics of plantation
farming.
(5) Which are the crops cultivated in your
area? What are the geographical reasons
for that?
(6) Why is the agriculture in India seasonal
in nature? What are the difficulties for
perennial agriculture?
Answers
1)Irrigating crops is an agricultural practice that goes back thousands of years in human history. Despite significant advances in technology over time, the basic purpose of irrigation is much the same: to supplement water available through rainfall for the purpose of increasing crop yields and/or crop quality.
2)The process of watering the crops is called irrigation. Two methods of irrigation are: (i) Sprinkler system : This system is used on the uneven land where less water is available. The perpendicular pipes, having rotating nozzles on top, are joined to the main pipeline at regular intervals. Water is allowed to flow through main pipe under pressure, which escapes from the rotating nozzles. In this way water gets sprinkled on the crop. (ii) Drip irrigation: This system is used to save water as it allows the water to flow drop by drop at the roots of the plants. It is the best technique for watering fruit plants, gardens and trees. Water is not wasted at all.
3)Intensive farming is an agricultural method of increasing the crop yield by heavy use of chemicals such as fertilizers, pesticides, etc. and machines. ... In densely populated areas, intensive farming can easily be practiced because it requires the small area for cultivation. However, the land in such areas is expensive.
4) Characteristics of plantation agriculture.
A Plantation is an estate or a large piece of land in which a certain type of crop or plant is grown and processed. It is a large farm with the cultivation of a limited number of cash crops, carried out using scientific and efficient methods.
5)Mostly in my area( West Bengal) rice is the principle food crop cultivated here. The climatic conditions facilitate the cultivation of two or three crops of rice in an agricultural year.
6)The agriculture sector is the most sensitive sector to climate changes because the climate of a region/country determines the nature and characteristics of vegetation and crops. Some perennial vegetables are slow to establish, and may take several years to begin yielding well.
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Answer:
Explanation:
Irrigation system are not efficient enough to provide water to crops in summer/winter. - Thus agriculture in India is seasonal in nature. - Plants that survive without replanting for several years are called perennial plants. - But these plants are difficult to maintain due to scarcity of water in india