existence of inequality in a society. Due to lack of money, many people are deprived of even the most basic things that are food, clothing, and shelter. People are discriminated on the grounds of class, caste, wealth, profession, gender and disability. This leads to inequality and injustice. Government is trying to advance equality, as assured in the constitution by promoting welfare schemes. Some important programmes implemented by the Government are Mahatma Gandhi National Rural employment Guarantee Act and National Rural Health Mission, The aim of these programmes is to provide better opportunities to all regardless of any caste, class, religious or economic differences. One important step for promoting equality is the midday meal scheme. In it children of all castes have their meals together and people of different castes are employed to cook meals. Read the extract and answer the questions that follow: a) List the forms of inequality present in our country. b) How has the midday meal served as a means of promoting equality? c) Name two programmes or acts implemented by the government in villages.
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Population trends and dynamics can have an enormous effect on prospects for poverty reduction and sustainable development. Poverty is influenced by – and influences – population dynamics, including population growth, age structure, and rural-urban distribution. All of this has a critical impact on a country’s development prospects and prospects for raising living standards for the poor. Investments in better health, including reproductive health, are essential for individual security and for reducing mortality and morbidity, which in turn improve a country’s productivity and development prospects.
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