Question

Expain the drawback of Thomson's model of an atom.

Answer 1

Thomson’s atomic model explained the overall neutrality of an atom. Its assumption that the total mass of an atom is uniformly distributed all over the atom was inconsistent with some of the experimental results. Rutherford’s gold foil experiment of scattering α-particles revealed that most of the space in an atom is empty contradicted Thomson’s atomic model. Thus, it was found that the plum pudding atomic model was insufficient to explain the structure of an atom.

The limitations of Thomson’s atomic model triggered further researches for establishing the structure of an atom. The plum pudding atomic model lacked experimental evidence and hence Rutherford conducted many experiments in order to determine the structure of an atom. Log on to Byju’s YouTube channel to learn more about the Rutherford’s atomic model that came after Thomson’s atomic model failed to explain the structure of an atom.

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Answer 2

We have to explain the drawbacks of JJ Thomson's model of an atom.

JJ Thomson's model of an atom :

• It is also known as Plum-pudding model or water - melon model of an atom.
• According to this theory, an atom is treated as a sphere in which positively charged particles are uniformly distributed and negatively charged electrons are embedded through them.

Drawbacks of JJ Thomson's model of an atom :

1. This model fails to explain How a positive charge holds on the electrons inside the atom.
2. It also fails to explain the atom's stability.
3. It doesn't provide any comprehensive information about nucleus.
4. It fails to explain Rutherford's Scattering Experiment of gold foil which explains most of space of an atom is empty. and most of the mass of an atom concentrate in the nucleus.

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