Expansion of a gas in vacuum is called free expansion. Calculate the work done and change in internal energy when 1 mol of an ideal gas expands isothermally from 1L to 5 L into vacuum.
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A gas in vacuum
(p
ex =0) is called free expansion
(−W)=p
4
(V
2
−V
1
)=0×(5−1)=0
For isothermal
expansion q=0
By first law
of thermodynamics q=ΔU+(−W)
⇒0=ΔU+0
S0,ΔU=0
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