Experiment : Determination of melting point of an organic compound
Book : Comprehensive practical Chemistry class XI (Laxmi publication)
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Answers
Answer:
The Procedure
Real lab procedure
First powder the crystalline substance.
Take a capillary tube and seal one end by heating it.
Fill the capillary tube with the substance. To fill the tube, make a heap of the powdered substance on the porous plate. Push one end of the capillary tube into the heap. Some of the substance will enter the capillary tube.
Now tap the sealed end of the capillary tube on the porous plate gently. Fill the capillary tube upto 2-3 mm.
Attach the capillary tube to a thermometer using a thread.
Take liquid paraffin in a beaker and place it over a piece of wire gauze placed over a tripod stand.
Clamp the thermometer carrying the test tube to an iron stand and immerse them in the bath of liquid paraffin. The surface tension of the bath liquid is sufficient to hold the capillary tube in position.
Heat the beaker slowly while constantly stirring the contents using a stirrer to maintain a uniform temperature throughout.
When the temperature is within 15o of the melting point of the pure substance, the flame is reduced. Then the temperature rises slowly.
Note the temperature (t1) when the substance starts melting.
Again note the temperature (t2) when the substance has completely melted.
The average of the two readings gives the correct melting point of the substance.
Answer:
The melting point of an organic solid can be determined by introducing a tiny amount into a small capillary tube, attaching this to the stem of a thermometer centred in a heating bath, heating the bath slowly, and observing the temperatures at which melting begins and is complete.
Explanation:
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