Question

Experiment shows that H₂O has a dipole moment
while CO₂ has not. Point out the structures which
best illustrates these facts
(a) O = C = O, O
/ \
H H
(b) O = C = O, H – O – H
C
(c) // \\, H - O - H
O OC
(d) O
||
C= O; O - H

Answer 1

option A

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Answer 2

The structure that illustrates this fact is:

(a) O = C = O;     O

                       /       \

                     H        H

Explanation:

• The structure of CO₂ is given as:

O = C = O

The above given is a linear structure.

• The structure of H₂O is given as:

   O

/       \

H        H

The above given is a non-linear structure.

• A dipole moment is formed when the charges are unevenly distributed among the bonds and the molecules are polar.
• When the bonding is linear, the charges are equal and in opposite direction which becomes even and there is no dipole moment.