Question

explain(1)Auf bau principle (2)Hund's Rule​

Answer 1

Answer:

1. AUF BAU PRINCIPLE - The aufbau principle, from the German Aufbauprinzip (building-up principle), also called the aufbau rule, states that in the ground state of an atom or ion, electrons fill atomic orbitals of the lowest available energy levels before occupying higher levels. For example, the 1s subshell is filled before the 2s subshell is occupied. In this way, the electrons of an atom or ion form the most stable electron configuration possible. An example is the configuration 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p³ for the phosphorus atom, meaning that the 1s subshell has 2 electrons, and so on.

Explanation:

2. HUNDS RULE - According to Hund’s rule, all orbitals will be once filled before any electron is double filled. Therefore, two p orbital get one electron and one will have 2 electrons. Hund's rule also specifies that all of the unpaired electrons must have the same spin. In keeping with practice, the unpaired electrons are drawn as "spin-up"

Answer 2

(1) $\sf\underline\red{ Auf~bau~principle}$ :- In the ground state of the atoms, the orbitals are filled with electrons, in their increasing order of energies.

(2) $\sf\underline\blue{ Hund's~rule}$ :- In degenerate orbitals pairing of electrons takes place only after the filling up of available orbitals with one electron each.