Question

explain 5 basic factorsthat controls the formation of soil​

Answer 1

Answer:

1)medium of plant growth

2)volcanic eruption

3)vegetation

4)natural agencies like river, water etc

chemical properties, humidity & temperature

Answer 2

Answer:

Factors Responsible for the Formation of Soil

The relief features, parent material, climate, vegetation and other life-forms as well as time apart from human activities are the major factors responsible for the formation of soil.

1. Parent Material: It is deposited by streams or derived from in-situ weathering. In this stage, soil inherits many properties like the mineral composition, the colour, the particle size and the chemical elements. For example- Black soil derived its colour from lava rock

2. Climate: It is one of the important factors in the formation of soil because it affects the rate of weathering of the parent rock.

3.Time:The formation of soils is a continuing process and generally takes several thousand years for significant changes to take place. The soils of Plymouth County began to develop immediately after the ice retreat of the last glaciation (Pleistocene), approximately 14,000 years ago.

4. Organisms:All living organisms actively influence the soil forming process. These organisms include bacteria, fungi, vegetation and animals. Their major influence is the effect on the chemical and physical environment of the soils.Most, if not all of Plymouth County, was originally in native forest of mixed hardwoods and conifers in varying proportions. The mineral element content of leaves and branches varies depending on the type of forest vegetation, and influences the characteristics of the soils that develop beneath it.

5.Topography:Topography has a significant impact on soil formation as it determines runoff of water, and its orientation affects microclimate which in turn affects vegetation. For soil to form, the parent material needs to lie relatively undisturbed so soil horizon processes can proceed. Water moving across the surface strips parent material away impeding soil development. Water erosion is more effective on steeper, unvegetated slopes.