Explain About 5Th State Of Matter- Bose Einstein Condensate
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We all know about matter and its three states and about plasma, the hot ionized gas considered as the fourth state, but we have seldom heard of something called as the fifth state of matter. In 1924, Albert Einstein and Satyendra Nath Bose predicted the "Bose-Einstein condensate" (BEC), which is referred as the fifth state of matter.
In 1995, technology enabled scientists to create a new state of matter, the Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). Using a combination of lasers and magnets, Eric Cornell and Carl Weiman cooled a sample of rubidium to within a few degrees of absolute zero. At this extremely low temperature, molecular motion comes very close to stopping altogether. Since there is almost no kinetic energy being transferred from one atom to another, the atoms begin to clump together. There are no longer thousands of separate atoms, just one “super atom.” A BEC is used to study quantum mechanics on a macroscopic level. Light appears to slow down as it passes through a BEC, allowing study of the particle/wave paradox. A BEC also has many of the properties of a superfluid — flowing without friction. BECs are also used to simulate conditions that might apply in black holes. [Related: Properties of Matter: Bose-