explain about Arabian sea and bay of Bengal branch
Answers
Arabian Sea- the expanse of salt water that covers most of the earth's surface and surrounds it is landmass. ... In both Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal currents in water move from East to West. But in case of bay of Bengal they bring the cyclones, tsunamis generated in the water towards coast.
What is the difference between the nature of the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea?
Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal is similar in so many aspects, like location is on same latitude bands, semi-enclosed nature, opening on the southern side and exposure to the changing monsoon winds (ie, South-west and North-east monsoon). Both receive similar kind of solar radiation at the top of troposphere. In spite of this there are striking dissimilarities observed between both.
The most important is that winds over the basin especially during summer monsoon is different. Second, the precipitation exceeds evaporation in the Bay of Bengal whereas evaporation exceeds precipitation in the Arabian Sea. The annual rainfall over the Bay of Bengal is more than 1-3m (even more than that in Andaman Sea) while in Arabian Sea it is barely 1m. The average run-off to Bay of Bengal is much more than Arabian Sea. Hence the surface water will remain always fresher than Arabian Sea (Arabian Sea is having lesser run-off of river). Because of this the salinity of Bay of Bengal surface water will be lesser than that of other basin. Due to the river outflow the Bay of Bengal remains turbid and contains sediments most of the months especially during rainy season.
The bathymetry (measurement of depth of ocean water) of the basins are entirely different (refer the figure given below). You can notice a clear change of bathymetry immediately after coast along Bay of Bengal whereas along Arabian sea after a few kilometers the bathymetry changes to >-2000m.
The South west monsoon and North East monsoon is shown in Figure given below. The direction change of wind and rainfall intensity is marked in the figure.
Bay of Bengal is always prone to cyclones and vulnerability is higher due to the higher frequency of getting storms and cyclones over the basin (Plz refer to figure below, which shows the tracks of cyclones or storms). The Arabian Sea is relatively colder (monsoon winds) than Bay of Bengal and hence inhibits the formation and intensification of the system.