Question

Explain about different types of horizons of soil in minimum 10 to 15 lines​

Answer 1

Answer:

O horizon :-

• It is mainly composed of organic materials such as dried leaves, grasses, dead leaves, surface organisms, etc.

• This horizon is dark brown in color because of presence of organic content.

A horizon/ Top soil :-

• This layer is rich in organic matter called humus.

• This soil is soft and porous to hold enough water and air.

• Seed germination takes place in this layer.

• This layer consist of microorganisms such as earthworms, fungi, bacteria, etc.

E horizon :-

• This layer is composed of nutrients leached from O and A horizons

• This layer is common in forested areas and has lower clay content.

B horizon/ Subsoil :-

• This layer is present just below the topsoil and above the bedrock.

• It contains less humus, soluble minerals and organic matter.

• It is the site of deposition of some minerals and metal salts.

• This layer holds more water than topsoil and is lighter brown in color due to presence of clay soil.

C horizon/ Saprolite :-

• This layer is made of broken bedrock and has no organic matter.

• Geological material present in this horizon is cemented.

R horizon/ Bedrock :-

• It is compacted and cemented layer.

• Different types of rocks such as basalt, granite and limestone are found here.

Note:

E horizon and C horizon are just for extra knowledge.

I hope this will help you : )