Explain about Disorders of Muscular and Skeletal system ?
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97
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Muscular System :-
☆ The muscular system is an organ system consisting of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles.
☆ It permits movement of the body, maintains posture and circulates blood throughout the body.
☆ The muscular systems in vertebrates are controlled through the nervous system although some muscles can be completely autonomous.
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Skeletal System :-
☆ The skeletal system is the body system composed of bones and cartilage and performs the following critical functions for the human body
☆ supports the body.
☆ facilitates movement.
☆ protects internal organs.
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DISORDERS :-
☆ Myasthenia gravis :-
- Auto immune disorder affecting neuromuscular Junction leading to fatigue
- weakening and paralysis of Skeletal muscle.
☆ Muscular dystrophy :-
- progressive degeneration of Skeletal muscle mostly due to genetic disorder .
☆ Tetany :-
- Rapid wild contractions in muscle due to low Ca++ in body fluid .
☆ Arthritis :-
- Inflammation of joints .
☆ Osteoporosis :-
- Age related disorder characterised by decreased bone mass and increased chances of fractures.
- Decreased levels of estrogen is a common cause.
☆ Gout :-
- Inflammation of joints due to accumulation of uric acid crystals .
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• Muscular dystrophy is a group of inherited diseases that are characterized by weakness and wasting away of muscle tissue, with or without the breakdown of nerve tissue. There are nine types of muscular dystrophy, with each type involving an eventual loss of strength, increasing disability, and possible deformity.
The most well known of the muscular dystrophies is Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD),presently no cure, it occurs genetically, most commonly in children by his/her mother and is the most severe of all the muscular dystrophies. The symptoms first present in 3 to 5 years of age, as progressively joints become stiff and muscles power is lost. Thus, DMD is characterised as severe life-limiting disease requiring multi-disciplinary intervention and life-long management.
• Common Injuries of the Skeletal System:-
1. Bone Bruise.
2. Bowing Fracture.
3. Greenstick 4.FractureComminuted 5.Fracture.
6. Open Fracture.
7. Depressed Fracture.
8. Avulsion Fracture.
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