Question

Explain about Regulating act of 1773 and Amending Act 1781

Answer 1

Regulating act of 1773 :-

The regulating Act of 1773 was passed by the British Parliament to control the territories of the East India Company majorly in Bengal. This act was passed due to the misgovernment by the British East India government that introduced a situation of bankruptcy and the government had to interfere with the affairs of the Company.

Amending Act 1781 :-

The Act of Settlement was an Amending Act of 1781, which was passed by British Parliament on 5th July 1781 to remove the defects of the Regulating Act 1773. It is also known as Declaratory Act, 1781

Answer 2

■ Regulating Act of 1773 :-

• It was the first step taken by the British Government to control and regulate the affairs of the East India Company in India.

• It recognized, for the first time, the political and administrative functions of the Company.

• It laid the foundations of central administration in India.

• It designated the Governor of Bengal as the ‘Governor-General of Bengal’. The first such Governor-General was Lord Warren Hastings.

• It provided for the establishment of a Supreme Court at Calcutta (1774) comprising one chief justice and three other judges.

■ Amending Act, 1781 :-

• To rectify the defects of the Regulating Act of 1773, the British Parliament passed the Amending Act of 1781, also known as the Act of Settlement or Declaratory Act, 1781.

• The key provision of this act was to demarcate the relations between the Supreme Court and the Governor General in Council.

• It settled the question of jurisdiction of the Supreme Court.