Question

Explain about the heredity principles proposed by Mendel based on
the experiments done on pea plants.​

Answer 1

Law of Dominance

This is also called as Mendel’s first law of inheritance. According to the law of dominance, hybrid offsprings will only inherit the dominant trait in the phenotype. The alleles that are suppressed are called as the recessive traits while the alleles that determine the trait are known as the dormant traits.

Law of Segregation

The law of segregation states that during the production of gametes, two copies of each hereditary factor segregate so that offspring acquire one factor from each parent. In other words, allele (alternative form of the gene) pairs segregate during the formation of gamete and re-unite randomly during fertilization. This is also known as Mendel’s third law of inheritance.

Law of Independent Assortment

Also known as Mendel’s second law of inheritance, the law of independent assortment states that a pair of trait segregates independently from another pair during gamete formation. As the individual heredity factors assort independently, different traits get equal opportunity to occur together.