explain about the wind system with diagram
Answers
In terms of weather, the Earth has several major wind zones: the low-latitude trade wind zone, mid-latitude west wind zone and the polar east wind zone. Were the Earth a smooth and immobile sphere, extra solar heat energy absorbed at the Equator would drive the hot air up to a certain altitude and then flow to the poles. The air would lose heat on its way until it finally descended in the polar region. The falling air would push the air on the polar surface back to the equatorial region creating an endless cycle (Fig. 9).
In reality, the rotation of the Earth changes everything. The rise of air in the equatorial region reduces surface air pressure, creating an equatorial low pressure zone (Equatorial Low). In this zone the weather is humid and rainy, with feeble wind flowing in with no prevailing direction. It is also called the equatorial doldrums. The south-north flowing air over the Equator gradually flows east due to the rotation of the Earth. When this upper level air reaches 30° N or 30° S, it will be moving totally eastward. As a result, a lot of air will accumulate over the sky around 30° N and 30° S, causing the surface air pressure to rise and creating a subtropical high. A Pacific high, for example, belongs to this type of subtropical high pressure; the air in this region generally descends, therefore the moisture is low. The biggest deserts in the world are located in this region. Since the air in this region is pushed down to the surface of the land, some of it flows back towards the Equator, and under the influence of Earth rotation, gradually bear to the right and becomes a northeast wind in the Northern Hemisphere (while in the Southern Hemisphere the left bearing wind forms a southeast wind). Since such wind direction is steady, in the era of sailboats, trade boats depended on this wind to travel from Europe to the New World. Therefore, it is also known as a trade wind. Other part of descending air flowing north is again influenced by Earth rotation which causes an eastward deviation. The west wind is the dominant wind in mid-latitude regions. (Fig. 10)
Answer:
Winds and wind systems on the Earth
- Wind is shaped by the progression of air in even ways. In meteorological definitions the coming bearing of the breeze is called wind heading. For instance, Taipei will ordinarily encounter easterly breezes in winter, implying that the breeze originates from the east.
- In climate perception, wind heading is introduced by 16 bearings or by point degree .
- Normal units for wind speed are as per the following: meters every second (m/s), kilometers every hour (km/hr), miles every hour (mph), nautical miles every hour or bunches. The converting of these units lists as follow: