Question

explain addition and substitution reaction with example

Answer 1

Addition reaction is a type of reaction in which two or more molecules combine with each other to form a single substance. This type of reaction occurs only with those molecules which have either a double or a triple bond between their carbon atoms.Due to having double bond,these molecules can break one of the carbon-carbon bonds and can ADD other atoms by sharing those electrons with other atoms(which were previously bonded to carbon atoms). Thus, addition reaction makes an unsaturated compound into a saturated compound. Ex--C2H4 + H2 = C2H6

Substitution reaction is a type of reaction in which one atom of any other element substitutes or replaces one of the hydrogen atoms of a given hydrocarbon.Substitution reaction does not add any atom to the hydrocarbon because it takes place only in saturated hydrocarbons(containing only single bonds).Thus if any atom has to be added in the hydrocarbon,one of the hydrogen atoms needs to be replaced by that atom.

Answer 2

addition reaction means making unsaturated hydro carbons to saturated hydro carbons by adding hydrogen in presence of catalyst.

e. g. C2H4+H2 in presence of nickel as catalyst will give us C2H6 which is saturated hydrocarbon.

Addition reaction is also known as hydrogenation reaction.

The reaction in which a reagent replaces an atom or a group of atoms from the reactants are called substitution reactions.

e. g. CH4+Cl2 in presence of sun light will give CH3Cl+HCl.